| 赵行姝.气候变化与美国国家安全:美国官方的认知及其影响[J].国际安全研究,2015,(5):107-129 |
| 气候变化与美国国家安全:美国官方的认知及其影响 |
| Climate Change and US’ National Security |
| 投稿时间：2015-03-31 修订日期：2015-05-21 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 气候变化 国家安全 非传统安全 美国气候政策 |
| 英文关键词: climate change national security non-traditional security Department of Defense |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1653 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 气候变化的影响超越它本身所带来的直接环境后果,对美国国家安全提出新挑战。美国官方对这一问题的认知从形成到发展,大体经历了酝酿、萌芽和完善阶段。促成美国对该问题的战略认知与政策实践的原因复杂,涉及国际社会的政治议程、美国国内的科学议程以及国会的影响等因素。当前,美国的安全体系不仅正视气候变化对美国国家安全产生的威胁,而且已经开始制定战略性方针不断将气候变化因素纳入该体系的战略规划和日常实践。在国际层面,美国已经开始谋求与其他国家就气候变化影响国家安全与国际安全的问题达成共识甚至采取行动。本质上,这是美国在全球气候谈判博弈中增加筹码的一个重要抓手,希望以此来影响和主导全球减缓气候变化行动。预计未来美国应对气候变化安全后果的政策走势趋强,将对美国气候政策、对外关系乃至国际格局产生重要影响,同时将给中国特别是中国与发展中国家的合作关系带来挑战。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In addition to its direct environmental consequences, climate change has brought about new challenges for national security of the United States. The development of the official US stance have undergone three stages, namely, fermentation, germination, and practice. Among the many factors contributing to the evolution of the official US view, the political agenda of the international community, US domestic science agenda and the Congress, are the most important. Currently, taking climate change as a serious threat to the US national security, the US security system has begun to develop a comprehensive approach to integrate climate change considerations into strategic planning and daily practice. At the international level, America seeks consensus with other nations on the threat of climate change to national security and international security, thus enabling the US to raise its bargaining chip during global climate negotiations so as to exert its influence and leadership in fight against the global climate change. The stronger US responses to security consequences of climate change in the future will have a major impact on its climate policies, foreign relations and the international system and, at the same time, bring challenges to China and its relations with other developing countries in particular. The study of the US’ approach to climate change from the security perspective is significant to the understanding of the evolution of its climate actions and positions in climate negotiation as well as its current climate policies and their implications for China. |
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