文章摘要
颜琳.儿童兵规范的演变:国内武装冲突局势下的儿童保护[J].国际安全研究,2016,(4):132-154
儿童兵规范的演变:国内武装冲突局势下的儿童保护
Evolution of Normsagainst Child Soldiers: Children Protection in Internal Armed
投稿时间：2016-03-02  修订日期：2016-04-08
DOI：
中文关键词: 儿童兵规范  联合国  国内武装冲突
英文关键词: norms against child soldiers  UN  internal armed conflicts
基金项目:本文系系国家社会科学基金重大项目“非洲经济史”(项目编号:14ZDB063)的部分成果。
作者单位
颜琳 湖南师范大学公共管理学院,长沙 ,410081 
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中文摘要:
      冷战结束后,在国内武装冲突中,儿童沦为国家武装部队与武装组织招募的对象。儿童兵的出现在某种程度上使得儿童从武装冲突的受害者转变为施暴者,导致国内武装冲突更加血腥、更难结束。为说服武装冲突各方放弃招募和使用儿童兵、打破“冲突—招募—冲突”的恶性循环,联合国及其相关机构采取了诸多举措,积极致力于倡导和传播儿童兵规范,把武装冲突局势中的儿童保护问题提升至国际与国内的和平与安全议程。从理论层面而言,儿童兵规范兴起与传播的动力和逻辑值得关注。第一,联合国及其相关机构作为规范倡导者,在儿童兵规范的兴起、发展与扩散阶段发挥了重要作用。第二,儿童兵规范的传播对象突破了国家行为体的范畴,日益重视对武装组织等非国家行为体的教化。第三,儿童兵的议题特征也有助于其规范的广泛传播。第四,时代背景也为儿童兵规范的兴起和传播创造了有力的政治条件。
英文摘要:
      After the Cold War, children have been recruited by national forces and groups in internal armed conflicts. To some degree, the emergence of child soldiers has children transformed from victims into perpetrators, resulting in bloodier internal conflicts which are more difficult to resolve. To convince parties of armed conflicts to renounce the recruitment and use of child soldiers, and break the vicious cycles of “conflict - recruitment - conflict”, the United Nations and its related agencies have taken many initiatives and are actively committed to promoting norms against child soldiers, putting children protection in internal armed conflicts on the agendas of international and domestic peace and security. On the theoretical level, attention should be paid to the driving forces behind the rise and spread of child soldiers. First, the United Nations and its related agencies, as advocates of the norms, should play a vital role in their development and spread. Second, their spread should go beyond state actors, and be more focused on the education of the non-state actors, e.g., armed groups. Third, the very nature of child soldiers also contributes to the widespread of these norms. Fourth, the timing has created a powerful political condition for the spread of these norms.
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