| 李捷,靳晓哲.转型与升级：近年菲律宾南部恐怖主义发展研究[J].国际安全研究,2018,(5):21-38 |
| 转型与升级：近年菲律宾南部恐怖主义发展研究 |
| Transformation and Escalation: A Research on the Development of Terrorism in the Southern Philippines in Recent Years |
| 投稿时间：2018-04-27 修订日期：2018-05-21 |
| DOI：10.14093/j.cnki.cn10-1132/d.2018.05.002 |
| 中文关键词: 恐怖主义 菲律宾南部 “伊斯兰国” 恐怖主义转型与升级 国际化 区域化 |
| 英文关键词: terrorism, southern Philippines, the “Islamic State”, internationalization, regionalization |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1743 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在“伊斯兰国”席卷全球的背景下，作为伊斯兰世界重要的外围区域之一，东南亚地区恐怖主义的发展模式与路径值得进一步研究与关注。自20世纪70年代以来，由于历史、宗教等矛盾的交织，尤其是中央与地方政府的矛盾，菲律宾南部爆发了声势浩大的摩洛人分离运动。此后，菲律宾南部分离型恐怖主义逐渐向极端型恐怖主义“转型”，并在地区恐怖主义中扮演重要角色。进入21世纪，随着全球反恐战争的展开，东南亚地区恐怖主义一度沉寂。2014年“伊斯兰国”的崛起，给东南亚地区恐怖主义的复兴注入了新的“活力”。在“伊斯兰国”的直接影响下，以阿布沙耶夫组织等为代表的菲南恐怖主义再度“升级”。在“伊斯兰国”与地区恐怖分子的参与、回流下，出现了马拉维武装对峙事件，同时也标志着菲南恐怖主义的国际化“升级”。未来，菲南地区的恐怖主义区域化与国际化互动可能进一步加强，马拉维武装对峙模式亦可能在其他地区被复制或模仿。要彻底解决菲南问题，不仅需要妥善处理国内的分离主义问题，还需有地区、国际层面的反恐支持。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In the context of the sweeping rise of the “Islamic State”, as one of the important peripheral areas in the Islamic world, Southeast Asia deserves closer attention and further research in regard to the development patterns and paths of terrorism. Since the 1970s, owing to historical and religious tensions and contradictions between the central government and local governments, a massive separatist movement of the Moros in the southern Philippines had erupted. Since then, stimulated by both internal elements like national, religious and extremist ideologies and external factors as the Afghanistan War in 1979, separatist terrorism gradually developed into Islamic extremist terrorism and began to play an important role in the southern Philippines. As the global war on terrorism was launched at the beginning of the 21st century, terrorist activities in Southeast Asia laid low for some time. In 2014, the rise of the “Islamic States injected a new “vigor” into the resurgence of terrorism in this region. Under the direct influence of the “Islamic State”, terrorism in the southern Philippines, represented by the Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG), started to escalate once again. With the involvement of the “Islamic State” and the returning of the local terrorists from the Middle East, the Malawi armed confrontation marked the “international escalation” of terrorism in the southern Philippines. In the future, the interaction between regionalization and internationalization of terrorism in the southern Philippines may be further intensified, and the pattern of Malawi armed confrontation may be replicated or imitated in other regions. To settle the problem in the southern Philippines once and for all, the Philippines government should handle properly the domestic issue of separatism and call for anti-terrorism support at the regional and international levels. |
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