| 毛瑞鹏.中国对联合国和平安全议程的参与和塑造[J].国际安全研究,2021,(5):39-66 |
| 中国对联合国和平安全议程的参与和塑造 |
| China’s Participation in and Shaping of the UN’s Global Peace and Security Agenda |
| 修订日期：2021-06-22 |
| DOI：10.14093/j.cnki.cn10-1132/d.2021.05.002 |
| 中文关键词: 联合国 中国与联合国 国际和平与安全议程 国际体系 |
| 英文关键词: United Nations, China and United Nations, international peace and security agenda, international system |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 恢复联合国合法席位50年来，中国持续融入国际体系，对联合国事务的参与和贡献日益提高。冷战结束后，由于一些国家国内冲突加剧及西方国家在国际上处于强势地位，国际社会对安全威胁来源及联合国作用的认识发生显著变化，由此引发联合国国际和平安全议程的重大调整及规范竞争。中国将联合国安理会作为推行国际和平安全理念及方案的重要平台。安理会中的议程设置、方案选择、投票权、联盟结构等四个方面构成了中国参与和塑造联合国和平安全议程的基本制度框架。中国日益重视利用担任轮值主席国的机会塑造安理会议程，但未能充分参与决议草案起草且被排斥在美英法组成的核心磋商圈之外。作为安理会常任理事国，中国对安理会关键性决策具有重大影响力，并在叙利亚等问题上显示了使用否决权的意志。中国在安理会注重与其他发展中国家的政策协调，并与俄罗斯保持了较高的一致性，然而美国及西方国家在安理会仍居于主导地位。展望未来，中国在联合国和平安全议程中的角色应随着客观环境和需求的改变而作出调整；提升中国理念和方案的吸引力，通过交流、交锋促进与世界其他国家的相互理解与合作，将是中国联合国外交面临的长期任务。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Fifty years has passed since the restoration of the lawful seat of the People’s Republic of China in the United Nations. Today’s China continues to integrate into the international system and its participation in and contribution to UN affairs is increasing. Since the end of the Cold War, the intensified internal conflicts in some countries and the strengthened positions gained by Western countries in the international arena have greatly changed the international community’s perception of the sources of security threats and the role of the United Nations, which leads to a major adjustment in the UN’s global peace and security agenda as well as the corresponding normative competition. Taking the UN Security Council as an important platform for promoting concepts and programs of international peace and security, China has constructed a basic institutional framework for its participation in and shaping of the UN peace and security agenda through four components of the UN Security Council affairs, namely agenda setting, scheme selection, voting power and coalition structure. Although China has increasingly taken advantage of its rotating presidency to shape the Security Council’s agenda, it is still difficult for China to fully participate in the drafting of draft resolutions due to its exclusion from the core consultation circle composed of the United States, UK and France. As a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China exerts a significant influence over key decisions and has exhibited its will to exercise the veto on such issues as Syria. For all China’s endeavors to carry out policy coordination with other developing countries and maintain a high degree of coherence with Russia, the United States and other Western countries still occupy a dominant position in the Security Council. Looking ahead, China should adjust its role in the UN peace and security agenda in accordance with changes in objective circumstances and needs. It will be a long-term task facing China in its UN diplomacy to continuously enhance the appeal of China’s ideas and plans and promote mutual understanding and cooperation with other countries through communication and consultation. |
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