| 王广涛,俞佳儒.日美防卫技术合作演变的逻辑[J].国际安全研究,2023,(6):29-50 |
| 日美防卫技术合作演变的逻辑 |
| Between Autonomy and Dependence: The Evolution of Japan-U.S. Defence Technology Cooperation |
| 修订日期：2023-08-22 |
| DOI：10.14093/j.cnki.cn10-1132/d.2023.06.002 |
| 中文关键词: 安保三文件 日美同盟 防卫技术合作 军工产业 武器出口三原则 |
| 英文关键词: Japan-U.S. alliance, defence technology cooperation, defence industry, Japanese Arms Exports Ban |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 防卫技术合作是日美同盟关系深化的重要体现，也是安全合作以及同盟管控的组成部分。日美防卫技术合作的进展受防卫技术合作的制度化水平和日本在同盟关系中自主化水平双重因素的影响。20世纪80年代以前，受日本武器出口规范和技术能力的限制，日美之间的防卫技术合作以美国单方面援助日本为主。其后，日本在技术上取得较大突破，开始在对美技术合作与自主技术研发之间寻求平衡，但技术合作制度化水平较低，影响了两国的合作。进入21世纪第二个10年之后，日本在解禁“武器出口三原则”的同时，进一步加强技术研发能力、深化与美国的防卫技术合作，并寻求技术合作的多元化。通过日美战斗机研发合作的案例可以发现，看似日本对美国渐趋自主，但仍然难以摆脱对美防卫技术依存的困境。日美之间防卫技术合作的深度以及日本防卫合作对象多元化的广度将是影响日本未来防卫产业发展的重要因素。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Defence technology cooperation serves as an important manifestation of the deepening Japan-U.S. alliance and constitutes a key component of security cooperation and alliance management. The development of Japan-U.S. defence technology cooperation is influenced by both the level of institutionalization of their bilateral defence technology cooperation and the degree of Japan’s autonomy within the alliance. Before the 1980s, due to the constraints of Japan’s domestic arms export regulations and its limited technological capacities, the Japan-U.S. bilateral cooperation on defence technology was mainly based on the direct and unilateral assistance from the United States. Since the 1980s, Japan has made substantial technological breakthroughs and started to seek a balance between cooperation with the U.S. and its own autonomous development of weapons and equipment. However, the low level of institutionalization of defence technology cooperation to some extent hindered their bilateral cooperation. Since the 2010s, Japan has further strengthened its technological research and development capacities, making it possible to deepen its defence technology cooperation with the U.S. and diversify its technology cooperation after lifting the ban on weapons exports. The enhanced cooperation with the United States regarding research and development of jet fighters shows that Japan seems to become more autonomous but still remains entangled in the dilemma of reducing its dependence on U.S. defense technology. The depth of defence technology cooperation between Japan and the U.S. and the breadth of Japan’s defence cooperation will be an important indicator of the future development of Japan’s defence industry. |
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