| 赵明昊.技术鹰派、国家安全与美国对华战略竞争[J].国际安全研究,2025,(1):115-132 |
| 技术鹰派、国家安全与美国对华战略竞争 |
| Technology Hawks, National Security and the U.S. Strategic Competition against China |
| 修订日期：2024-12-30 |
| DOI：10.14093/j.cnki.cn10-1132/d.2025.01.006 |
| 中文关键词: 技术鹰派 国家安全 中美关系 技术—安全复合体 国家创新生态 |
| 英文关键词: technology hawks, national security, U.S.-China relations, technology-security complex, national innovation ecosystem |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 223 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在新一轮科技革命和地缘政治对抗相互叠加的背景下，技术因素对国家间关系尤其是大国关系的塑造作用越发突出，科技界与国家安全战略之间的联系日益紧密。近年来，美国不断强化对华“科技冷战”，与美国在经济、军事、意识形态、全球治理等方面的对华施压相互关联。美国科技企业、风险投资机构等社会性力量和美国国家安全部门之间的沟通协作日益密切，涵盖商界、政界和学界精英的技术鹰派势力逐步成形。技术鹰派认为，美国须牢固捍卫自身技术领导地位，推进对华技术“脱钩”，甚至设法令中国的技术水平倒退，进而以强大的美国技术实力实现对华“竞而胜之”的目标。美国政府着眼对华战略竞争，加快推动构建国家安全创新网络，国防部、国务院、中央情报局等机构与高科技企业的合作更趋深化，美国创新生态的国家安全导向更为突出。加大对华科技竞争已经成为美国共和党和民主党的共识。考虑到美国科技界精英对特朗普的支持，以及副总统万斯、特朗普家族等与硅谷之间错综复杂的社会关系网络，特朗普第二任期的对华科技施压力度或将增强，技术鹰派对中美关系的影响力将更为突出。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Against the backdrop of the technological revolution and geopolitical confrontations overlapping each other, the technological factors shaping international relations, especially those among major powers, have become more prominent. The link between the technological community and national security strategy-making has become increasingly relevant. In recent years, the U.S. has been intensifying its “technological cold war” against China, paralleling its increasing pressure on China across the political, economic, military ideological and global governance spectrums. The U.S. technology enterprises, venture capital institutions and other social forces work closely with the U.S. national security agencies, gradually giving birth to a group of technology hawks including elites in the business, political and academic circles who believe that the U.S. needs to firmly defend its technological leadership, accelerate the decoupling process, and curb China’s technological development. In order to outcompete China in the tech race, the U.S. government has expedited the development of a national security innovation network. As a result, the cooperation between high-tech enterprises and government agencies like the Department of Defense (DoD), the Department of State (DoS), and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) has deepened, making the national security orientation of the U.S. innovation ecosystem more prominent. Advancing the technology competition with China has become the consensus of the U.S. Republican and Democratic parties. Considering the support of the U.S. technological elites for Donald Trump, the technological pressure placed on China may be further strengthened, and technology hawks will exert more influence upon U.S.-China relations in the second Trump presidency. |
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