文章摘要
毕雁英.美国国家安全委员会变迁探析[J].国际安全研究,2014,(5):16-39
美国国家安全委员会变迁探析
The Evolution of the U.S. National Security Council
投稿时间：2014-06-22  修订日期：2014-07-08
DOI：
中文关键词: 美国国家安全委员会  协调机制  制度规范  效能评估
英文关键词: U.S. National Security Council, coordinating mechanism, institutional norms, effect evaluation
基金项目:
作者单位
毕雁英 国际关系学院法律系教授，行政法学博士（北京 邮编：100091） 
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中文摘要:
      美国建立了世界上第一个国家安全委员会，历经67年世势风云的洗礼，美国国家安全委员会已成为美国处理所有国际事务的中心，作为美国国家安全事务的咨询与协调机构，它在美国国家安全决策过程乃至世界外交局势的演变中都持续发挥着重要的影响力。历经各任领导者对其地位与角色的不同定位，美国国家安全委员会的职能、制度、运行及决策程序在不断修改与调整中走向稳定与成熟。其机构和人员的设置既审时度势、灵活多样、顺应时代变化，又逐渐探索确立了富有特色的部际协调机制，将各法定成员、法定顾问、国家安全事务助理以及非法定成员有效地组织起来，通过形式各异的正式程序、非正式程序以及秘密程序的分析、评估与协调会议，为总统的国家安全事务决策提供必不可少的支持。美国国家安全委员会变迁与改革的每一步都伴随着法律及行政法令的颁行与修订，授权与监督，体现了法制先行的特点。美国国家安全委员会戏剧性的发展历程中积累的经验与教训，为中国建立不久的中央国家安全委员会提供了借鉴。
英文摘要:
      The 67-year-old National Security Council of the United States, the first of its kind in the world, has become the center for handling all international affairs of the United States and as an advisory and coordinating instrument for U.S. national security affairs, it plays an important role in the U.S. national security decision-making and the evolution of the world diplomatic situation. Through the years under generations of leadership, it has matured itself in its function, personnel, and system of operation and decision making mechanism and, at the same time, maintained its flexibility in dealing with the ever-changing world situation. It has been successful in coordinating the efforts of its legal members and legal adviser, national security advisors of the president and its non-statutory members. Its analysis, evaluation and coordination meetings in formal, informal and secret procedures have been essential supports to the president for his decision making in national security issues. Every step of its changes and reforms is preceded by the issuing and amendment of laws and administrative decrees. Its experience and lessons are of great value for the newborn National Security Commission of China.
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