| 魏志江.非传统安全研究中“共享安全”的理论渊源[J].国际安全研究,2015,(3):52-67 |
| 非传统安全研究中“共享安全”的理论渊源 |
| “Shared Security”: Philosophical Tradition, Political Thoughts and Diplomatic Practice—A Study of the Theoretical Origins of the Chinese School of Non traditional Security Studies |
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| 中文关键词: 共享安全 非传统安全理论中国学派 共建共存共享安全观 东亚传统安全体制 和平共处五项原则 |
| 英文关键词: shared security philosophical tradition political thought security thought diplomatic practice |
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| 中文摘要: |
| “共享安全”理论是建立中国特色的国际安全理论体系和话语权的有益探讨。“共享安全”理论具有充分的历史哲学依据，《周易》中“保合太和”“协和万邦”的思想为“共享安全”理论奠定了阴阳协调、对立统一的宇宙观;儒家哲学中“己欲立而立人，己欲达而达人”的“忠恕之道”，为“共享安全”理论奠定了以“共建”“共存”和“共享”为核心的安全观;而践行中庸之道，则成为“共享安全”理论的哲学方法论基础。中国传统政治思想中的和平主义外交理念和亲仁善邻的外交政策，为“共享安全”理论奠定了和平、和谐与合作安全的政治思想基础。东亚传统的安全体制体现了东亚国家在安全利益上的“共依”“共存”“共建”和“共享”，从而为“共享安全”理论奠定了东亚史上传统的安全和外交实践基础。新中国成立后，中国实行的安全政策进一步为“共享安全”理论提供了安全和外交实践，其中作为“共享安全”实践基础的“和平共处”五项基本原则和亲仁善邻的外交政策，成为中国处理与世界各国外交关系的准绳和基本原则，体现了中国与世界各国“共存”“共建”和“共享”安全的和平主义战略价值趋向。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In recent years there has been a growing academic interest in the construction of a Chinese school of international relations studies as well as the international security studies from a Chinese perspective. Undoubtedly, the “shared security” outlook deserves a significant place in this on going theoretical construction of international security studies with Chinese characteristics. Historically, the outlook has been founded on traditional Chinese philosophy. The concepts of bao he tai he (“maintenance of the supreme harmony”) and xie he wan bang (“all nations live side by side in perfect harmony”), originating from The Book of Changes and its principle of harmony between Yin and Yang and unity of opposites, have laid a cosmological foundation for the “shared security” outlook. The Confucian principle of zhong shu (“loyalty and forgiveness”) and its advocation of ji yu li er li ren, ji yu da er da ren (“wishing to be established himself, one should establish others; while wishing to be enlarged himself, one should enlarge others”) is the core of its “cooperation, coexistence, and sharing” security conception. The practice of the Golden Mean serves as its methodological basis. Historically, China’s pacifist diplomatic ideology and the diplomatic practice of “benevolence and good neighborliness” forms its ideological foundation. In East Asia, the practice of shared security can be traced back to a traditional security system characterized by the Suzerain Vassal System, a security structure which is known for its practice of “the small states serving the great” and “the great states cherishing the small” and reflects the basic principle of coexistence, co construction, sharing and co governance. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the Chinese government has been contributing multi faceted security and diplomatic practices to its “shared security” outlook, among which, its adherence to “the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence” and the foreign policy of “benevolence and good neighborliness” demonstrates its pacifist national security orientation. It further suggests the possibility that the so called security dilemma and the “Thucydides Trap” can be avoided if the “shared security” conception has its wide recognition. The “co governance” and “win win” situation in security can be achieved if the international community follows the principle of “co existence, non hostility, mutual respect, benign interaction” within its security environment. There are reasons to believe that the “shared security” outlook, the core of China’s new security concept for Asia proposed by President Xi Jinping, could be one of the guiding ideologies of China’s foreign relations for the foreseeable future. As such, deepening its understanding will be an important task for China’s diplomatic and security policy makers. |
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