| 许涛.中亚地区非传统安全潜在风险的多元化趋势[J].国际安全研究,2016,(5):79-94 |
| 中亚地区非传统安全潜在风险的多元化趋势 |
| On the Diversification of the Potential Risks of Non-Traditional Security in Central Asia |
| 投稿时间：2016-05-13 修订日期：2016-07-06 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 中亚地区 非传统安全 多元化 |
| 英文关键词: Central Asia Non-traditional Security Diversification |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 苏联解体后,中亚地区的安全问题一直成为国际舆论关注的焦点。20世纪90年代,中亚地区在国际社会和相关大国的协助下实现了无核化,并与中国、俄罗斯等国成功解决边境地区军事安全问题。当以军事威胁为主的传统安全问题大大缓解后,中亚地区的非传统安全问题就突出地呈现在各国政府面前。中亚地缘结构的特殊性,决定了非传统安全因素生成的跨国性和地区性,仅凭个别国家能力很难有效治理。而中亚各民族国家曲折的发展历史,尤其是苏联时期遗留下来错综复杂的关系,制约着地区各国建立起有效的地区治理机制,致使中亚地区非传统安全问题一直存在、发酵、升温。这一趋势如仍不能引起中亚各国和国际社会予以足够重视并采取有效措施,势必成为威胁地区安全的重要隐患。独立25年来,中亚各国高度警惕宗教极端主义和国际恐怖主义渗透和蔓延的危险,积极参与国际合作打击毒品走私、跨国犯罪等联合行动,“典型意义”上的非传统安全因素得到有效治理。但存在于各国高度关注之外的民族关系、人口膨胀、生态恶化等“非典型意义”上的非传统安全因素仍然不断积累,并正在对地区安全形势产生负面影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Security issues in Central Asia have long been a focus in international media since the disintegration of the Soviet Union. With assistance from the international community and big powers, Central Asia has achieved denuclearization and satisfactorily resolved military security issues in border areas with China, Russia and other countries in the 1990s. When traditional security issues centered around military threats are greatly alleviated, non-traditional security issues in Central Asia loom large before the governments. The geographical structure of Central Asia determines the transnational and regional nature of non-traditional security factors, which defy effective management by any single government. However, twists and turns in the history of Central Asian countries, especially the legacy of complicated relationships inherited from the Soviet era, restrain the efforts of Central Asian countries to build an effective and efficient regional governance mechanism, leaving the non-traditional security issues in Central Asia persistent, fermenting and deteriorating. Without sufficient efforts and effective measures from Central Asian countries and the international community, it will pose a grave lurking threat to regional security. During the 25 years since independence, Central Asian countries are highly alert to the dangers of religious extremism and international terrorism, and actively participate in the international cooperation in the fight against drug trafficking, transnational crime, and other joint operations, rendering the “typical” non-traditional security factors under effective control. Nevertheless, in want of sufficient attention from relevant governments, the “atypical” non-traditional security factors, such as ethnic relations, population expansion, and ecological deterioration, are snowballing with an increasingly negative impact on regional security. |
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