| 章远.“伊斯兰国”:“准主权”与地区安全*[J].国际安全研究,2016,(6):47-65 |
| “伊斯兰国”:“准主权”与地区安全* |
| ISIS: Quasi 〖KG*9〗Sovereignty and Regional Security |
| 修订日期：2016-06-03 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 伊斯兰国 准主权 地区安全 |
| 英文关键词: Islamic State, Quasi-sovereignty, Regional Security |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1615 |
| 全文下载次数: 914 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 自威斯特伐利亚体系以来,主权共识支持下的民族国家体系取代了历史上的神权干预,宗教因素自此被排除在现代国家交往的主流议程之外。“伊斯兰国”试图建立伊斯兰国家“哈里发国”是极端伊斯兰化的尝试,在主权认知上颠覆了国际政治传统。“伊斯兰国”的主权观以真主主权为核心特质,但又有别于以往“政教合一”的政权理解模式,即虽使用伊斯兰教的话语体系,但以武力和恐怖主义为实现手段,追求消除现有国家边界、创建“乌玛”乌托邦式的权力未来。“伊斯兰国”目前的状态更接近雏形国家,其对地区和国际安全的主要威胁表现在三个方面:边界粘连共生,而在实体疆域层面冲击周边国家的领土安全；通过网络技术平台增强其道德和政治影响力；以极端主义为意识形态侵蚀了温和伊斯兰的宗教权威。国际社会目前的主要应对措施集中于从突破疆域桎梏的空袭结合地面攻击以制约当地极端主义。鉴于之前的威胁分析,外部世界值得强化和补充的应对措施包括主导防御性的网络安全战争、帮助该地区重塑符合现代政治标准的世俗权威和提升温和教派领袖的宗教地位,实现有效的合作反恐。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| There has been a gradual consensus on modern secular sovereignty since the end of the Thirty Years’ War. With the recent declaration of a new Caliphate by Islamic State, ISIS has introduced an alternative idea and practice of sovereignty and threatened the regional security. On the surface, ISIS follows the “sovereignty of Allan”, claiming to pursue Ummah-Utopia. In fact, Islamic State is an extremist group and depends decisively upon terrorist means in order to achieve its goals. Specifically speaking, ISIS constitutes three main threats to regional or even international security, namely encroaching upon territorial sovereignty of existing states, exerting moral and political influence across borders on the Internet, and challenging the main stream religious authorities. In response to these challenges, the international community should not only implement coalition air strikes, but also deepen cross-national anti-terrorist cooperation, including fighting defensive cyber-war, rebuilding secular government and improving the performance of local moderate Islamic leaders. |
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