| 夏莉萍.海外中国公民和中资企业的安全风险[J].国际安全研究,2019,(6):129-152 |
| 海外中国公民和中资企业的安全风险 |
| An Analysis of Security Risks Facing Overseas Chinese Citizens and Chinese Enterprises Based on the Safety Reminders Issued by Chinese Embassies |
| 投稿时间：2019-02-20 修订日期：2019-06-30 |
| DOI：10.14093/cnki.cn10-1132/d.2019.06.006 |
| 中文关键词: 安全风险 安全提醒 海外中国公民 海外中资企业 海外安全保护 |
| 英文关键词: the “Belt and Road” Initiative, security risk, overseas Chinese citizens, overseas Chinese enterprises, overseas security protection |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1464 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 中国驻外使馆发布的安全提醒信息是探查有关海外中国公民和中资企业安全风险的有效途径。2017~2018年，中国驻外使馆发布了一千多条安全提醒信息，其中所包含的安全风险可分为九大类，相关提醒信息数量位列前三的分别是社会治安类风险，中国公民和中资企业违法违规及行为不当导致的安全风险以及恐怖袭击、武装冲突和政局动荡类风险。全球电信诈骗犯罪猖獗、恐怖袭击风险不减、地区局势持续动荡等因素是影响海外中国公民和企业安全的客观因素；海外中国公民和中资企业安全风险防范意识薄弱、行为不当和违法违规等不仅给当事人和涉事企业带来安全威胁，还直接影响当地民众对中国国家和中国公民整体形象的认知，在一定程度上形成了“恶性循环”的安全困境。在安全风险防范方面，应加强海外安全风险预防宣传，明确相关海外安全提醒信息的法律效力，让罔顾者承担相应责任；建立更多类似于“不文明旅游行为黑名单”的警示惩戒机制；根据风险分布的地域特点强化针对性；对于那些根源在国内的安全风险，在预防和处置上，可“内外并举”，在国内展开专项打击行动的同时积极开展中外执法合作。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Safety alert information issued by Chinese embassies in foreign countries provides an effective way to explore the safety risks facing overseas Chinese citizens and Chinese enterprises. In 2017 and 2018, Chinese embassies issued more than 1000 safety alert messages with nine categories of security risks involved. Ranking on the top 3 of these categories are public security risks, security risks caused by illegal acts and improper conduct by Chinese citizens and Chinese enterprises, and risks induced by terrorist attacks, armed conflict and political instability. Rampant global telecom fraud crime, undiminished risks of terrorist attacks and the volatile regional situations are the objective factors affecting the safety of overseas Chinese citizens and enterprises. However, on the part of overseas Chinese citizens and enterprises, their weak awareness of security risk prevention, improper conduct, violations of laws and regulations will not only pose a security threat to the parties and enterprises involved but also directly affect local people’s perception of the overall image of China and Chinese citizens. To a certain extent, they will be reduced to a “vicious circle” security dilemma. As regards security risk prevention, proactive efforts should be made to strengthen relevant publicity and education of overseas security risks and clarify the legal effects of safety alert information so that violators shall bear the consequences. It is necessary to establish more warning and disciplinary mechanisms like the “Black List of Uncivilized Tourists” and take targeted measures in line with the geographical characteristics of risk distribution. Concerning the prevention and disposal of those security risks rooted domestically, the principle of “combining internal actions with international coordination” should be followed. Relevant government agencies can launch special crackdown actions while carrying out international law enforcement cooperation abroad. |
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