探索中美关系新范式及全球安全治理

安刚; 王一鸣; 胡欣

文章摘要

安刚,王一鸣,胡欣.探索中美关系新范式及全球安全治理[J].国际安全研究,2020,(2):23-48

探索中美关系新范式及全球安全治理

Exploring the New Paradigm of China-US Relations and Global Security Governance

投稿时间：2019-09-04 修订日期：2020-01-07

DOI：10.14093/j.cnki.cn10-1132/d.2020.02.000002

中文关键词: 中美关系大国竞争中美关系新范式全球安全治理

英文关键词: China-US relations, great-power competition, new paradigm, global security governance

基金项目:

作者	单位
安刚	Research Fellow at the Center for International Strategy and Security of Tsinghua University and Editor of World Affairs Beijing, 100020
王一鸣	Research Fellow at the Center for International Strategy and Security of Tsinghua University and Editor of World Affairs Beijing, 100020
胡欣	Research Fellow at the Center for International Strategy and Security of Tsinghua University and Editor of World Affairs Beijing, 100020

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中文摘要:

特朗普执政以来，美国对华战略定位出现全方位负面趋向，由“接触”向“规锁”的转型不断加深。作为当今国际体系中的新兴大国与霸权国家，两国关系正在形成战略竞争日益突出的新态势。中美经贸摩擦的出现和深化表明，经贸合作作为两国关系的传统“压舱石”，在单独应对战略竞争“新态势”方面所能发挥的作用有限。为有效阻止“新态势”向全面对抗与冲突方向演变，中美亟须重新定位、处理和管控彼此关系的“新范式”。包括全球安全治理在内的全球治理架构为中美战略博弈与权势平衡提供了相对稳定的制度体系。通过明确战略竞争边界、构建对话协调平台，有效借助第三方力量等，中美的理性博弈、积极合作能够得到有效推动，并直接带来全球安全治理在观念、制度、模式等方面的变革。这不仅符合两国根本利益和国际社会的普遍愿望，也是全球治理健全发展的需要。但确立“新范式”有待解决的一大问题是，经贸合作作为两国关系“压舱石”的作用已经不稳，需要探索新的“压舱石”，全球安全治理合作在此方面的作用是不够的。未来中美关系的首要特点是战略竞争，新的“压舱石”可以通过权力博弈建立某种相对稳定的机制架构，最终以大国权势平衡的方式来打造。

英文摘要:

Since President Donald Trump took office, the US strategy towards China has been carrying a negative tone in all dimensions, shifting gradually from “engagement” to “confinement”. China and the US are witnessing a “new situation” in which strategic competition between an merging power and a hegemon is increasing. China-US economic and trade frictions have indicated that economic and trade cooperation, the traditional cornerstone of bilateral ties, can just play a limited role in handling the “new situation” of strategic competition. To effectively prevent the “new situation” from escalating into full-scale confrontations and conflicts, it is imperative for the two countries to explore a “new paradigm” that helps redefine their roles, handle and control their bilateral relationship. The global governance structure with global security governance as an essential part of it, provides a relatively stable institutional system for China-US strategic gaming and balance of power. By clarifying the boundaries of strategic competition, constructing a platform for dialogue and coordination, and effectively drawing support from third parties, China and the US can proactively facilitate rational competition and constructive cooperation, which will directly bring about changes to the concepts, systems and models of global security governance. Such endeavors are not only in line with the fundamental interests of both sides and the universal aspirations of the international community, but also fit in with the particular needs of the development of sound global governance. A major issue, however, stands in the way of establishing the “new paradigm”: a new “cornerstone” should be explored in view of the unstable role played by economic and trade cooperation and the insufficient cooperation over global security governance. In the future, given that strategic competition features in the China-US relations, a new “cornerstone” can be forged by achieving the balance of power between the two great powers through the establishment of a relatively stable mechanism via power gaming.

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