| 毛维准.援助安全：一个基于援助载体的新议题[J].国际安全研究,2020,(4):24-58 |
| 援助安全：一个基于援助载体的新议题 |
| Aid Security: An Emerging Issue from the Perspective of Aid Carrier |
| 修订日期：2020-01-18 |
| DOI：10.14093/j.cnki.cn10-1132/d.2020.04.002 |
| 中文关键词: 对外援助 安全化 援助安全 援助载体 发展与安全 |
| 英文关键词: foreign aid, securitization, aid security, aid carrier, development and security |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 对外援助是国际政治学与国际政治经济学研究中的重要议题。一方面，作为一种由援助国提供的特殊性国际公共物品，它是全球治理和国际发展领域的重要变量；另一方面，作为国家的一种对外政策工具，对外援助在国际竞争舞台上发挥着战略性功能。在国际政治中，有志于发展的对外援助都与安全问题息息相关。援助与安全之间的联结经历了从一般关联到深入互嵌再到“安全化”的演变历程，安全思维越来越多地影响对外援助过程，冲击着连接援助国和受援国的援助资源载体。面对嵌入对外援助过程的“安全化”趋势，通过聚焦援助与安全之间的复杂关系和发展趋势，试图诉诸安全视角来审视援助载体,并因此提出了“援助安全”概念框架。该框架致力于从国际结构转型、援助国和受援国关系及相关国家国内政治等不同角度探寻援助过程中财力资源、人力资源与制度资源分别面临的多元安全威胁和风险来源。援助安全可以从技术条件性、透明性、实施预算管理、提供援助安保人员训练和改革全球援助体系等举措得以保障。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Foreign aid is a focal issue in the studies of international politics and international political economy. On the one hand, foreign aid, as a kind of special international public goods provided by donor countries, plays a significant role in global governance and international development. On the other hand, foreign aid, being an instrument of foreign policies for a given country, has inherent strategic implications in the arena of global competition. In international politics, foreign aid committed to further development is closely related to security issues. The aid-security nexus has evolved from being generally correlated to being inter-embedded and all the way up to securitization. Security considerations have increasingly affected the process of foreign aid and exerted a dramatic impact on the aid carrier linking together the donor and recipient countries. In view of the securitization factor in foreign aid, this paper aims to study the complexity and developing trend of the aid-security nexus, examine the aid carrier from a security perspective and finally advance the conceptual framework of “aid security”. This framework attempts to explore diversified security threats and identify various risk sources facing financial resources, human resources and institutional resources in the aid process from different perspectives like international structural transformation, relations between donors and recipients, and the domestic politics of relevant countries. Therefore, aid security can be guaranteed through technical conditionality and transparency, budget management, security personnel training programs as well as reforms of the global aid system. |
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