| 管传靖.安全化操作与美国全球供应链政策的战略性调适[J].国际安全研究,2022,(1):73-99 |
| 安全化操作与美国全球供应链政策的战略性调适 |
| Securitization Practices and Strategic Adjustments in U.S. Policy on Global Supply Chain |
| 修订日期：2021-11-19 |
| DOI：10.14093/j.cnki.cn10-1132/d.2022.01.004 |
| 中文关键词: 安全化 拜登政府 全球供应链 供应链安全 经济权术 |
| 英文关键词: securitization operation, the Biden administration, global supply chain, supply chain security, economic power |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 2021年美国拜登政府施政伊始就推动了一系列关于供应链的新政策，特别是以“国家安全”为叙事手段强化国内产业政策，扶持先进制造业和新兴技术研发，并联合安全盟友构建关键产业国际供应链联盟。与特朗普政府相比，拜登政府的新供应链政策进一步强调了经济安全和国家安全并重的原则。对于这种政策转变的本质，相关研究出现了战略性转变和功能性转变等两种观点。从理论逻辑看，经济政策的安全化分析路径，可以剖析全球供应链的安全效应，明晰经济和安全策略组合的类型，从而进一步揭示美国新供应链政策“混合式安全化操作”的生成机制。从政策实践看，拜登政府针对供应链问题的安全化操作主要呈现两个新的特点，一是新冠肺炎疫情冲击之下的兼顾供应链安全与大国战略竞争，二是以国内投资重塑产业链，并配合国际运作以形成关键产业供应链联盟，从而对战略对手实施经济权术。这些新政策面临着战略利益和市场力量之间的张力，存在诸多制约，其带来的政策冲击也为后疫情时代全球经济的稳定和复苏增加了不确定性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Since President Biden took office in 2021, a series of new policies on supply chain have been initiated by the new administration that include strengthening domestic industrial build-up on the pretext of “national security”, supporting advanced manufacturing activities, advancing emerging technology research and development and developing an international supply chain with its security allies in key industries. In contrast to the Trump administration, the Biden administration further underlines the principle of paying equal attention to economic security and state security. As regards the nature of this important policy change, relevant researches have presented two different pictures: a strategic one and a functional one. This paper tends to adopt the securitization of economic policies as the analysis path to investigate the security effects of the global supply chain, clarify the types of the economy-security nexus, and further reveal the generation mechanism of “hybrid securitization practices” in the U.S. new supply chain policy. Viewed from the policy implementation standpoint, such securitization practices have taken on two distinctly new features. First, security of the supply chain has been given equal attention with the strategic competition among major countries under the impact of COVID-19 pandemic. Second, efforts have been made to rebuild the industrial chain via domestic investment and forge a networked supply chain in key industries so as to exercise economic power over its strategic rivals. While the new policies are constrained by the tensions between market forces and long-term strategic interests, they are bound to bring more uncertainties to the recovery of the global economy in the post-pandemic era. |
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