| 黄日涵,姚浩龙.被重塑的世界？ChatGPT崛起下人工智能与国家安全新特征[J].国际安全研究,2023,(4):82-106 |
| 被重塑的世界？ChatGPT崛起下人工智能与国家安全新特征 |
| Reshaping the World? AI and New Features of National Security under the Rise of ChatGPT |
| 投稿时间：2023-05-04 修订日期：2023-06-10 |
| DOI：10.14093/j.cnki.cn10-1132/d.2023.04.004 |
| 中文关键词: 人工智能 国家安全 ChatGPT 生成式人工智能 技术革命 |
| 英文关键词: artificial intelligence, national security, ChatGPT, generative artificial intelligence, technology revolution |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1436 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| ChatGPT作为人工智能发展新的里程碑，在语言表达、自我强化等方面表现突出，展现出生成式人工智能的广泛运用前景，在多领域引起广泛关注，以ChatGPT为代表的生成式人工智能将会可预期地改变国家安全态势。在意识形态安全层面，对生成式人工智能的恶意运用使渗透方式更加多元，渗透效能更加显著。在国际舆论层面，对生成式人工智能的大规模使用将进一步使舆论场复杂化。在国家实力发展层面，生成式人工智能将继续拉大国家实力差距，国内公共权力与权威进一步分散。在军事安全层面，生成式人工智能赋能战场信息收集和战场指挥，国家之间的认知战对抗能力重要性日益提升。在法律规范层面，当前生成式人工智能的责任主体不明晰，现有法律法规难以约束基于该技术开展的犯罪行为。在社会稳定方面，生成式人工智能冲击劳动力市场，重塑人才发展模式。面对新技术冲击下急剧变化的新安全态势，应建立更多元协同的创新和应用体系，在国际上共享发展成果，完善法律体系，推动该技术服务于国家利益发展与人类命运共同体的构建。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| ChatGPT, as a new milestone in the development of artificial intelligence (AD), has outstanding performance in many aspects, including language expression and self-reinforcement, which indicates a broad application prospect of generative AI. Generative AI (GenAI), as represented by ChatGPT, will predictably affect national security. As regards the international public opinion, GenAI will cause a wide chasm in countries' capacity to influence public opinion, making the public opinion ecology further complicated. In terms of ideological security, the malicious use of GenAI enables greater and more diversified ideological infiltration. As for the national strength comparison, due to different AI R&D capacities, the gap in national power of different countries is becoming increasingly prominent, which will intensify changes in the international power distribution. GenAI can also be applied to the military field to enhance the efficiency in collecting information and commanding on the battlefield, giving more significance to countries’ capabilities in information warfare and cognitive warfare. From the perspective of legal regulation, the current responsibility subjects of GenAI are not clear enough, and the existing laws and regulations lag behind the need to constrain AI-based criminal acts. Besides, GenAI can exert an impact on society by reshaping the labor market and the talent development model. Faced with the fast-changing security situation under the dominance of new technologies, it's necessary to establish a collaborative and diversified system for AI application and innovation. Internationally, technological development should be shared fairly around the world to oppose technological hegemony. Domestically, new governance tools and updated laws and regulations should be carried forward to enable AI to serve both national interests and the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind. |
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