| 曾向红,陈明霞.论国家的承认安全[J].国际安全研究,2024,(1):27-55 |
| 论国家的承认安全 |
| A Study on Recognition Security of States |
| 修订日期：2023-10-26 |
| DOI：10.14093/j.cnki.cn10-1132/d.2024.01.002 |
| 中文关键词: 身份安全 本体安全 承认安全 承认与蔑视 角色身份 |
| 英文关键词: identity security, ontological security, recognition security, recognition and misrecognition, role identity |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 维护安全构成国家行为的基础和重要动机。国家安全至少涵盖现实维度的物质安全和理念维度的身份安全。国家身份安全的核心内涵是国家身份的外在肯定性与内在稳定性共同铸造出的身份确定性。只有同时获得本体安全与承认安全，国家才能确保其身份安全。承认安全是指，行为体持有的有关其本质属性的自我理解因为得到他者承认而产生的一种满足感，这种满足感具有双重来源：一是行为体的基本承认需求得以实现，二是行为体的身份生成顺利开展。承认安全得以建立的基础是行为体自我理解与他者理解之间的一致性带来的自我肯定，这种自我肯定是行为体既满足承认需求、又实现身份生成所产生的共同的积极结果，因此构成行为体满足感的直接来源，从而确保了其承认安全感；反之，承认不安全的来源就是自我理解与他者理解之间的非一致性带来的自我怀疑，这种自我怀疑是行为体无法满足承认需求和身份生成受阻所产生的共同的消极结果，阻断了行为体满足感的形成，从而导致其产生承认不安全感。承认不安全将使国家滋生以不确定性为特征的焦虑情绪和以报复冲动为主导的怨恨情感，在二者的复合作用下，国家将作出具有高度不确定性的破坏性行为。俄罗斯与土耳其国家身份建构历程中的承认安全问题及其国际后果，可以对有关承认安全的理论发现提供初步经验验证。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Maintaining security constitutes the basis and an important motivation for State behaviors. National security includes both material security on the realistic dimension and identity security on the conceptual dimension. The core connotation of national identity security is the certainty of identity forged by the combination of external recognition and internal stability of national identity. Only by simultaneously obtaining ontological security and recognition security can the State ensure its identity security. Recognition security is a sense of satisfaction that derives from the recognition by others of the self-understanding held by an actor about its essential attributes. This sense of satisfaction has two sources: the fulfillment of the actor’s basic needs for recognition, and the smooth generation and development of the actor’s identity. More specifically, the foundation for the establishment of recognition security is the self-affirmation brought about by the consistency between the actor’s self-understanding and the other’s understanding of the actor. This self-affirmation is a positive result of the actor’s action of satisfying its recognition needs and realizing its identity generation, thus constituting a direct source of the actor’s sense of satisfaction, which ensures its sense of security in terms of recognition. On the contrary, the source of recognition insecurity is the self-doubt brought about by the inconsistency between the actor’s self-understanding and the other’s understanding of the actor. This self-doubt is a negative result of the actor’s inability to meet its recognition needs and the unsuccessful identity generation, which blocks the formation of the actor’s sense of satisfaction and thus leads to the sense of insecurity in terms of recognition. Recognition insecurity will cause the State to experience anxiety characterized by excessive worrying, and resentment dominated by the impulse to retaliate, both of which will prompt the State to engage in destructive behaviors of high uncertainty. The recognition security problem and its international consequences in the processes of national identity construction by Russia and Turkey can provide preliminary empirical verification for the theoretical findings on recognition security. |
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