| 韩娜,董小宇.数字时代的认知域安全：理论解构、风险生成及治理路径[J].国际安全研究,2024,(3):55-75 |
| 数字时代的认知域安全：理论解构、风险生成及治理路径 |
| Cognitive Domain Security in the Digital Age: Theoretical Deconstruction, Risk Generation and Governance Path |
| 修订日期：2024-03-05 |
| DOI：10.14093/j.cnki.cn10-1132/d.2024.03.003 |
| 中文关键词: 国家安全 认知域安全 认知域操纵 国家安全治理 |
| 英文关键词: national security, cognitive domain security, cognitive domain manipulation, national security governance |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| “认知域”是大国博弈的关键领域，在数字时代认知域安全已成为影响全球安全的重要议题。认知域安全研究经历了科学化、军事化、战略化再到国家安全化的四重演进，其理念被逐渐重塑。国家安全视角下的认知域安全，是指国家内部和外部的意识形态、思想文化、战略决策、价值观念、思维方式等不被内外势力操纵和改造，从而使认知的过程及其结果保持稳定有序的状态，并持续保障这种安全状态的能力。在要素特征方面，数字时代认知域安全呈现出主体多元、对象精准、智能驱动、战略隐蔽和全局领域的特点；在风险生成方面，内外势力往往通过观察—导向—决策—行动(OODA)循环模型进行精准操控，涵盖观察阶段的精准识别、导向阶段的信息加工、决策阶段的信息集成、行动阶段的主体协同以及评估阶段的信息反馈，形成了一个完整的操控链条，对认知域安全构成了严重威胁。中国必须双管齐下，积极有效应对认知域的安全风险。在顶层战略层面，国家需要制定全面而前瞻的战略政策框架；在务实策略层面，需在风险识别、风险评估、风险防控、风险应对等方面开展协同创新治理，进一步有效降低认知域操纵带来的安全风险。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Cognitive domain is a key area of great power competition, especially in the digital age, which makes cognitive domain security an important issue affecting global security. Research on cognitive domain security has undergone a fourfold stage of evolution of scientification, militarization, strategization and national securitization with its concept being gradually reshaped. From the perspective of national security, the security of cognitive domain refers to the ability of a country to protect its internal and external ideologies, ideological culture, strategic decisions, values, and ways of thinking from being manipulated and subverted by internal and external forces, thus maintaining a stable and orderly state for both cognitive processes and outcomes, and strengthening the ability to ensure this state of security. In terms of its characteristics, cognitive domain security in the digital era is featured by diverse subjects, precise objects, intelligent drives, strategic concealment and comprehensive coverage. In terms of risk generation, internal and external forces often conduct precise manipulation through the Observation-Orientation-Decision-Action (OODA) loop. This loop covers accurate identification in the observation stage, information processing in the orientation stage, information integration in the decision-making stage, subject collaboration in the action stage and information feedback in the evaluation stage, thus forming a complete manipulation chain that may pose a serious threat to cognitive domain security. In order to efficiently and effectively deal with security risks in cognitive domain, China should take a two-pronged approach to actively addressing security-related issues. Concerning top-level strategies, China needs to formulate a comprehensive and forward-looking strategic policy framework to ensure national security in cognitive domain. In terms of pragmatic strategies, collaborative and innovative measures should be taken in identifying, assessing, managing and responding to risks so as to further effectively reduce security uncertainties caused by cognitive domain manipulation. |
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