| 田野,李青竹.见招拆招：“相互依赖武器化”态势下的反武器化[J].国际安全研究,2025,(4):47-72 |
| 见招拆招：“相互依赖武器化”态势下的反武器化 |
| Counter-Weaponization in Scenarios of Weaponized Interdependence |
| 修订日期：2025-05-19 |
| DOI：10.14093/j.cnki.cn10-1132/d.2025.04.003 |
| 中文关键词: 相互依赖武器化 反武器化 供给 通道 市场 |
| 英文关键词: weaponized interdependence, counter-weaponization of interdependence, supply, channel, market |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 751 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| “相互依赖武器化”是发起国以经济相互依赖为工具来损害对象国的现象。相对应，反武器化就是对象国规避或减少武器化发起国的损害。按照权力的不同来源，相互依赖武器化可以分为基于供给型权力、通道型权力和市场型权力三种类型，分别依托于发起国对自然资源或高科技产品的供应能力、对战略通道与关键基础设施的所有权以及国内大规模市场的消费能力。作为对象国对发起国的战略回应，反武器化相应具有不同类型的策略。面对基于供给型权力的武器化行为，对象国需要通过自给自足或进口多元化等措施提升本国供应链的安全性，降低对发起国自然资源或高科技产品的依赖；面对基于通道性权力的武器化行为，对象国需要改变交通运输方式，调整运输与物流路线，加强基础设施建设，减少对发起国通道的依赖;面对基于市场型权力的武器化行为，对象国需要开拓新的市场，维持在国际市场上的营收能力，降低对发起国市场的依赖。从韩国应对日本断供危机到卡塔尔化解断交危机再到俄罗斯反制西方能源制裁，各个案例反映了反武器化的不同策略。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| “Weaponized Interdependence” (WI) is defined as a condition under which a state leverages economic interdependence as a tool to inflict harm on a target state. Correspondingly, counter-weaponization refers to the defensive strategies adopted by the target state to evade or mitigate such harm. Based on the sources of the initiating state’s power, WI can be categorized into three types: the one featured by the supply-based power that is rooted in the initiator’s control over natural resources or high-tech products, the one featured by the chokepoint-based power that is derived from the dominance of the initiator over strategic channels and critical infrastructure, and the one featured by the market-based power that is anchored in the initiator’s large domestic market and consumption capacity. As a strategic interaction between the target state and the initiator, the counter-weaponization process highlights tailored strategies. To counter supply-based WI, the target state must enhance its supply chain resilience through self-sufficiency or import diversification, reducing reliance on the initiator’s resources or technology. In response to chokepoint-based WI, the target state needs to diversify its transportation modes, optimize logistics and upgrade its infrastructure to decrease dependence on the initiator’s strategic channels. When facing market-based WI, the target state should actively explore new markets, sustain its international revenue streams, and mitigate reliance on the initiator’s market. Cases such as the ROK’s response to Japan’s export restrictions on semiconductor materials, Qatar’s coping measures during the diplomatic crisis, and Russia’s reaction to Western energy sanctions exemplify these counter-weaponization strategies. |
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