| 孙远,马晓霖.技术安全追求异化：欧盟量子技术泛安全化策略选择[J].国际安全研究,2026,(1):131-156 |
| 技术安全追求异化：欧盟量子技术泛安全化策略选择 |
| The Alienation of Technological Security Pursuit: The EU’s Pan-Securitization Strategy of Quantum Technology |
| 修订日期：2025-10-18 |
| DOI：10.14093/j.cnki.cn10-1132/d.2026.01.006 |
| 中文关键词: 技术安全 量子技术 量子欧洲战略 大国技术博弈 泛安全化 |
| 英文关键词: technological security, quantum technology, Quantum Europe Strategy, major-country technological competition, pan-securitization |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1358 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 量子技术对欧盟的数字主权安全、防务安全、供应链结构性安全、战略空间安全以及国际地位安全构成复合性威胁，从而促使欧盟加大投入以追求量子领域的技术安全。然而，欧盟对量子技术安全的追求逐渐呈现泛安全化趋势，表现为四个特征：其一，持续强化量子安全风险的政治叙事；其二，深化与美国和北约的量子安全联盟；其三，构建相对封闭的量子欧洲联盟；其四，借助规范性力量与地缘性力量双重手段遏制竞争对手的发展。此种泛安全化趋势实际上导致了欧盟技术安全追求异化，将使欧盟陷入追随美国技术联盟框架下的有限自主困境，反而影响其量子技术安全的实现。泛安全化的策略选择或使欧盟深陷量子技术“泛安全化陷阱”，加剧中美欧之间的技术博弈与安全困境。欧盟倡导的封闭性量子生态不仅限制了自身的技术创新潜力，也阻碍了全球量子技术的流动与合作。欧盟推动量子技术泛安全化策略选择不仅难以弥合欧盟成员国在量子技术发展上的固有差异，反而进一步强化成员国间的战略分裂与政策张力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The European Union (EU) is proactively engaging in the competition among major countries over quantum technologies, aiming to bolster its strategic standing in the technological domain and reinforce its quantum security. On July 2, 2025, the European Commission officially adopted the Quantum Europe Strategy, marking a shift toward the EU’s gradual adoption of a pan-securitization approach to quantum technology. Quantum technologies are regarded by the EU as posing multifaceted threats to its digital sovereignty, defense security, structural integrity of supply chains, strategic spatial security, and international status security. Consequently, the EU has amplified targeted investment to strengthen technological security in the quantum domain. However, its pursuit of quantum security has progressively taken on a character of pan-securitization, articulated through four main dimensions: the persistent politicization of quantum security risks, the intensification of alliances with the United States and NATO in the quantum security domain, the establishment of a relatively closed “Quantum Europe” alliance, and the reliance on both normative and geopolitical instruments to constrain the development of competitors. Such a pan-securitization strategy effectively alienates the EU’s pursuit of technological security and entails four major consequences. First, it traps the EU in a dilemma of limited autonomy within the U.S.-led technological alliance framework, thereby jeopardizing the realization of quantum security. Second, this pan-securitized quantum strategy embeds the EU in a broader securitization dilemma of quantum technology, thus intensifying the techno-strategic competition among China, the United States, and Europe. Third, the closed quantum ecosystem promoted by the EU not only limits its own innovation capacity but also impedes the global circulation and cooperation of quantum technologies. Finally, the adoption of this pan-securitization strategy is unlikely to mitigate the intrinsic disparities among the EU member states in quantum development; instead, it exacerbates strategic fragmentation and policy tensions within the Union |
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