| 马方,高旭星.维护国家安全与社会稳定的理论逻辑、历史演变与实践路径[J].国际安全研究,2024,(3):3-35 |
| 维护国家安全与社会稳定的理论逻辑、历史演变与实践路径 |
| Theoretical Logic, Historical Evolution and Practical Path of Maintaining National Security and Social Stability |
| 修订日期：2024-03-20 |
| DOI：10.14093/j.cnki.cn10-1132/d.2024.03.001 |
| 中文关键词: 国家安全 社会稳定 总体国家安全观 平安中国 |
| 英文关键词: national security, social stability, a holistic approach to national security, Peaceful China Initiative |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 375 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 正确认识国家安全与社会稳定的逻辑关系与体系结构，是新时代推进国家安全体系和能力现代化，开展国家安全工作的重要思想基础。西方政治思想中“社会产生国家”与“国家决定社会”两种较为主流的理论观点，都明确了国家对社会秩序和个人权利的保障作用。马克思主义则从社会决定国家出发，强调国家维护安全的外部职能与社会管理的内部职能，确立了维护国家安全与社会稳定的理论分析框架。总体国家安全观提出“统筹外部安全和内部安全”，是对马克思主义的创新性发展，维护国家安全与社会稳定呈现嵌入性、同构性与层次性的特征。新中国成立以后巩固新生社会主义政权是维护国家安全的首要任务；改革开放后突出强调社会稳定，维护国家安全为创造稳定的社会环境服务；中共十八大之后，中国坚持以总体国家安全观为指导，统筹发展与安全，建设更高水平的平安中国，维护国家安全和社会稳定。新时代国家安全工作应当遵循国家安全中央事权与社会稳定地方事权的治理事权逻辑，市民社会与政治国家二分治理结构下国家、政府、社会治理层级逻辑，法治国家、法治政府、法治社会的法治逻辑，国家安全风险与社会稳定风险的风险治理逻辑，以更好维护国家安全与社会稳定。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A correct understanding of the logical relationship and systematic structure of national security and social stability is an important ideological foundation not only for promoting the modernization of national security system, but also for effectively carrying out national security work in the new era. Two dominant theoretical models in Western political thoughts, namely, “society generates the state” and “the state determines society”, make clear the role of the state in safeguarding social order and individual rights. Starting from the fact that “society determines the state”, Marxism emphasizes the state’s external function of maintaining security and the internal function of social management, which establishes a theoretical analysis framework for safeguarding national security and social stability. The holistic approach to national security, which proposes “integrating external and internal security”, is an innovative development of Marxism. The maintenance of national security and social stability presents characteristics of embeddedness, isomorphism and hierarchy. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, consolidating the newborn socialist political power was the primary task of safeguarding national security. After the reform and opening-up, social stability was put on the top agenda, which means that safeguarding national security served to create a stable social environment. After the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the holistic approach to national security was taken as a guide to integrate development and security, to build a peaceful and safe China at a higher level, and to safeguard both national security and social stability. The paper intends to interpret the reasons for the changes in the status of national security and social stability in different periods from the three dimensions of “subjective-objective-intersubjectivity”, and analyze the management system for maintaining national security and social stability under the new security architecture. National security work in the new era should follow the logic of governance authority that empowers the central authority to take responsibility for national security and the local authority for social stability, the logic of governance hierarchy that focuses on the state, the government and society under the bifurcated governance structure between civil society and the political state, the logic of the rule of law that requires all the state, the government and society to be ruled by law, and the logic of risk governance that gives equal emphasis to the risks of national security and the risks of social stability in order to better safeguard national security and social stability. |
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