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॓࠯Ⴗၴაૅݓ॓࠯νಆᅞ੻ሇ྘

                      䇞〻DŽ൘䘉а䗷〻ѝˈ、ᢰਣ㘬нӵᖡ૽Ҷ䘹≁Ⲵ䇔⸕઼㹼Ѫˈ䘈ⴤ᧕ӻޕ䘹Ѯ䘋
                      〻ˈກ䙐㖾ഭ᭯⋫⭏ᘱDŽ

                          аᯩ䶒ˈ、ᢰਣ㘬䙊䗷᧗ࡦᡆ᭩䙐⽮ӔჂփᒣਠˈࡺᕡᐖ㘬ਉһⲴѫሬൠսˈ
                      ਼ᰦѪਣ㘬䀰䇪ࡋ䙐ᴤ࣐ᴹ࡙ⲴՐ᫝⧟ຳDŽᴰިරⲴṸֻቡᱟෳ䲶g傜ᯟݻሩ᧘⢩
                     ˄Twitter˅Ⲵ᭩䙐DŽ൘ᯕ䍴 440 ӯ㖾ݳ᭦䍝᧘⢩ᒦሶަ᭩਽Ѫ X ਾˈ傜ᯟݻнӵབྷ

                      ᑵࡺᕡҶᒣਠⲴ޵ᇩᇑḕᵪࡦˈ䀓ሱҶवᤜ⢩ᵇᲞ൘޵Ⲵབྷᢩਣ㘬䍖ਧˈ䘈ࡺ߿Ҷ
                                                                                             ķ
                      䪸ሩӷᚘ䀰䇪઼䭉䈟ؑ᚟Ⲵⴁ㇑ഒ䱏ˈ֯ X ᡀѪਣ㘬㿲⛩Ⲵ䟽㾱Ր᫝䱥ൠDŽ   ṩ
                      ᦞljॾⴋ亯䛞ᣕNJⲴ㔏䇑ˈ൘ 2024 ᒤ 1ü10 ᴸ X ᒣਠкⲴ 47 ᶑ✝䰘᭯⋫᧘᮷˄⍿
                                                                 ĸ
                      㿸䟿䎵䗷єॳз⅑˅ѝˈޡ઼ފঐަѝ 38 ᶑDŽ   㘼傜ᯟݻᵜӪҏ䙊䗷㠚䓛Ⲵᐘབྷ
                                                                                                Ĺ
                      ⍱䟿ਁᐳབྷ䟿᧘᮷䙐࣯ˈᡀѪ X ᒣਠањӢ⢩ᵇᲞⲴഎ丣ᇔ˄echo chamber˅DŽ
                      ⹄ウ⽮ӔჂփᒣਠⲴᆖ㘵俉ߌg哖Ṭ䴧ᠸ˄Shannon McGregor˅ࡉⴤ䀰˖Ā䘉˄X˅
                                                                              ĺ
                      нᱟањٮੁҾਣ㘬Ⲵᒣਠˈ㘼ᱟањ⭡ਣ㘬ѫሬⲴᒣਠDŽā   ↔ཆˈ、ᢰਣ㘬ᒦ
                      ᵚӵӵ׍䎆ѫ⍱ᒣਠˈ਼ᰦ䘈〟ᶱᢦἽਣ㘬ᴯԓᙗ⽮ӔჂփˈԕ㔅䗷Ր㔏、ᢰᐘཤ
                      ሩᶱਣ㘬䀰䇪Ⲵ䲀ࡦˈަԓ㺘ᴹᯠޤᒣਠ Gab ઼ RumbleDŽGab ᒣਠࡋ࿻Ӫᆹᗧ
                      励gᢈቄ劽˄Andrew Torba˅ᴮᱟ、ᢰࡋъ㘵ˈަ༠〠㠚ᐡࡋᔪ Gab ᒣਠⲴ৏ഐᱟ
                                                               Ļ
                      н┑ѫ㾱⽮Ӕᒣਠ⭡Ā⹵䉧䘋↕亶㻆āᦼ᧗˗   Rumble ᒣਠਧ〠Āнਇਆ⎸᮷ॆā
                            ļ
                      ᖡ૽ˈ   ަнӵӾ㪲ቄㅹ、ᢰਣ㘬䛓䟼㧧ᗇҶᮠॳз㖾ݳ㶽䍴ˈ䘈ⴤ᧕о⢩ᵇᲞ䗮



                          ķ   “Musk  Reinstates  Trump’s  Twitter  Account,”  The New York  Times,  November  19,  2022,
                      https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/19/technology/trump-twitter-musk.html.
                          ĸ  䈕ᮠᦞ࠶᷀Ҷ 2024 ᒤ༿ཙԕᶕ᤹ᒣਠ⍫ࣘᧂ਽Ⲵࡽ 50 њ≁ѫފ઼ 50 њޡ઼ފഭՊ䍖
                      ᡧˈ৲㿱 Drew Harwell and Jeremy B. Merrill, “On Elon Musk’s X, Republicans Go Viral as Democrats
                      Disappear,” The Washington Post, October 29, 2024, https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/
                      2024/10/29/elon-musk-x-republican-democrat-twitter-election/DŽ
                          Ĺ   David Ingram, “How Elon Musk Turned X into a Pro-Trump Echo Chamber,” NBC News,
                      October  31,  2024,  https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/social-media/elon-musk-turned-x-trump-echo-
                      chamber-rcna174321.
                          ĺ  Drew Harwell and Jeremy B. Merrill, “On Elon Musk’s X, Republicans Go Viral as Democrats
                      Disappear,”  The Washington Post,  October  29,  2024,  https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/
                      2024/10/29/elon-musk-x-republican-democrat-twitter-election/.
                          Ļ  Caitlin Dickson and Christopher Wilson, “Who Is Gab Founder Andrew Torba?” Yahoo, October
                      30, 2018, https://www.yahoo.com/news/gab-founder-andrew-torba-193404160.html.
                          ļ  Hibaq Farah, “What is Rumble, the Video-sharing Platform ‘Immune to Cancel Culture’?” The
                      Guardian, September 20, 2023, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/sep/20/what-is-rumble-
                      the-video-sharing-platform-immune-to-cancel-culture.
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