Page 35 - 《国际安全研究》2025年第3期
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2025 ഐݾ 3 ඼

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                        䇑ࡂ䀓ᮓ䈕䜘䰘ˈሶᮉ㛢㇑⨶ᵳл᭮㠣਴ᐎDŽ   ↔ཆˈԆㆮ㖢㹼᭯ભԔˈ䲀ࡦᙗ࡛
                                                                                       ĸ
                        ᜿䇶ᖒᘱ઼ᢩࡔᙗ⿽᯿⨶䇪Ⲵᮉᆖˈԕ㓸㔃ᆖṑ䟼ⲴĀ㿹䟂ā䇞〻DŽ
                            ਖаᯩ䶒ࡉ⎹৺ሩഭ䱵、ᢰӪ᡽ⲴㄎҹDŽ֌Ѫањ〫≁ഭᇦˈ儈、ᢰӪ᡽〫≁
                        аⴤᱟ㖾ഭ㜭ཏⓀⓀнᯝ㺕ݵࡋᯠ䍴ⓀⲴањޣ䭞DŽᦞᮠᦞ㔏䇑ˈ2019 ᒤ亦㓗Ӫᐕ
                        Ც㜭⹄ウӪઈ䘹ᤙ൘㖾ഭᐕ֌Ⲵঐ∄Ѫ 59%ˈࡠҶ 2022 ᒤˈ䘉аᮠᆇ䏼㩭ࡠ 42%ˈ

                                                                                         Ĺ
                        ቭ㇑䘈ᱟ俆ቸаᤷˈնҏח䶒৽᱐Ҷ㖾ഭሩҾ亦㓗Ӫ᡽੨ᕅ࣋Ⲵл䱽DŽ    䙐ᡀ䘉⿽
                        л━Ⲵа䜘࠶৏ഐ↓ᱟ൘Ҿ⢩ᵇᲞ൘ަㅜа⅑ԫᵏ޵᧘ࠪҶа㌫ࡇ䲀ࡦᙗ〫≁᭯
                        ㆆˈቔަᱟަ 2017 ᒤㆮ㖢Ⲵа亩㹼᭯ભԔˈ໎࣐Ҷሩ H-1B ㆮ䇱˄儈ᢰ㜭ᐕӪ〫≁
                                                                            ĺ
                        ㆮ䇱˅⭣䈧Ⲵᇑḕˈᰘ൘࣐ᕪ䈕䇑ࡂ޵ⲴⅪ䇸㹼ѪỰ⍻DŽ    㘼㖾ഭ、ᢰ⭼ॱ࠶׍䶐
                        ᭯ᓌⲴ H-1B ㆮ䇱䇑ࡂᶕ䳷֓ཆഭᢰᵟᐕӪᑞࣙ䘀㩕ޜਨˈѪ↔ˈ傜ᯟݻㅹӪ࣋ѫ㖾
                        ഭ䘋а↕᭮ᔰ H-1B ㆮ䇱ˈԕປ㺕ഭ޵Ⲵуъ㙼սオ㕪DŽ傜ᯟݻ㺘⽪ˈH-1B ㆮ䇱䇙Ԇ
                        ᗇԕሶཚオ᧒㍒ᢰᵟޜਨǃ⢩ᯟ᣹ㅹޜਨⲴޣ䭞Ӫ᡽⮉൘㖾ഭDŽԆᕪ䈳ˈ䈕ㆮ䇱ሩ⺞

                        ؍㖾ഭޜਨ㧧ᗇ儈ᢰ㜭ࣣࣘ࣋㠣ޣ䟽㾱ˈ䘉ӋӪ᡽൘㖾ഭᵜ൏ᐲ൪к䳮ԕ᢮ࡠDŽሩҾ
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                        䘉⿽ѫᕐˈ⢩ᵇᲞҏᲲᰦ㺘⽪Ҷ᭟ᤱˈѪ、ᢰਣ㘬㗔փՐ䙂ࠪ〟ᶱؑਧDŽ

                                                        ങ   ࠒဴ


                            、ᢰਣ㘬Ⲵፋ䎧ᒦ䶎аᰦⲴ᭯⋫ڦ❦ˈ㘼ᱟᖃࡽޘ⨳࣋䟿Ṭተ䟽㓴ǃ䍴ᵜᖒᘱ
                        ╄ਈоᢰᵟ㤳ᔿᅇਈޡ਼֌⭘Ⲵӗ⢙DŽ、ᢰਣ㘬࣯࣋Ⲵፋ䎧ḷᘇ⵰㖾ഭ、ᢰᆹޘᡈ

                        ⮕↓㓿শ㔃ᶴᙗਈ䶙DŽ֌Ѫц⭼᭯⋫㓿⍾〙ᒿ␡ᓖ䈳ᮤ㛼Ჟл、ᢰ䠁㶽䍴ᵜޤ䎧о
                        㖾ഭ᭯ተ䟽㓴ਐ࣐Ⲵӗ⢙ˈ䘉а㗔փ䙊䗷᭯⋫⥞䠁ǃ᭯ㆆ⑨䈤ǃᢰᵟ䍻㜭ㅹཊ㔤䐟
                        ᖴ␡ᓖ፼ޕഭᇦᵳ࣋փ㌫ˈ䟽ກ㖾ഭ、ᢰᆹޘᡈ⮕Ⲵᓅቲ䙫䗁о䘀㹼ᵪࡦDŽަ᧘ࣘ


                            ķ  Annie Ma and Collin Binkley, “Trump Is Dismantling the Education Department. Here’s What It Does,”
                        March 12, 2025, https://apnews.com/article/education-department-trump-ab509ad5778497dfbd6d53b9eef692b5.
                            ĸ  The White House, “Ending Radical Indoctrination in K-12 Schooling,” January 29, 2025, https://
                        www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/ending-radical-indoctrination-in-k-12-schooling/.
                            Ĺ  “The Global AI Talent Tracker 2.0,” MacroPolo, March 7, 2025, https://archivemacropolo.org/
                        interactive/digital-projects/the-global-ai-talent-tracker/.
                            ĺ  䈕ㆮ䇱ݱ䇨㖾ഭޜਨ䳷⭘ཆ㉽уъᢰᵟӪઈˈ䘉⿽ㆮ䇱Ⲵᴹ᭸ᵏ䙊ᑨѪйᒤˈնᤱᴹӪ
                        ਟԕᔦ䮯ㆮ䇱ᵏ䲀ᡆ⭣䈧≨ѵት⮉DŽ⴨ޣ㹼᭯ભԔ৲㿱 The White House, “Presidential Executive
                        Order  on  Buy American  and  Hire American,” April  18,  2017,  https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/
                        presidential-actions/presidential-executive-order-buy-american-hire-american/DŽ
                            Ļ   “Trump  Sides  with  Musk  on  Support  for  H-1B  Visas  for  Foreign Tech  Workers,”  Reuters,
                        December 28, 2024, http://theguardian.com/us-news/2024/dec/28/trump-musk-h1b-visas.
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