Page 104 - 《国际安全研究》2023年第3期

߭ිྟ౰ӊაݓ࠽ᅞᆚ֥Ⴚؿ澳

൘ߣㆆ䗷〻ѝঐᦞ䇞〻䇮㖞Ⲵѝᗳս㖞ˈ䘋㘼ߋһ㹼ࣘⲴᰦ࡫㺘ሩҾߋһ㹼ࣘǃཆ

Ӕ㹼ࣘᡰӗ⭏Ⲵᖡ૽ҏቡ䎺䟽བྷˈ⴨ޣᰦ࡫㺘ᡰ㿴ᇊⲴ޵ᇩҏՊਈᗇ䎺ᶕ䎺ᐘ㓶䶑
䚇DŽ↔ᰦˈ൘ᗧഭߣㆆ㘵Ⲵᰦ䰤ᗳ⨶䍖ᡧѝˈᰦ䰤ᡀᵜᶱᇩ᱃㻛䖜ॆᡀާփ㘼᱃Ҿ
ᝏ⸕ⲴߋһՈ࣓ᘱ࣯DŽഐ↔ˈᰦ䰤⊹⋑ᡀᵜⲴᣅޕᡰ䀖ਁⲴ⊹⋑ᡀᵜ᭸ᓄҏቡ䎺᰾

ᱮˈާփ㺘⧠Ѫᗧഭߣㆆ㘵Ⲵ仾䲙᧕ਇᓖਈབྷˈᒦ䈅മ䙊䗷࣐䙏ߣㆆǃ᭯ㆆᢗ㹼䘋
〻ԕᕕ㺕ᰒᴹᰦ䰤ᦏཡDŽ㘼ᯭ䟼㣜䇑ࡂⲴ޵൘പᴹ㕪䲧䶎ն⋑ᴹ᭩ழডᵪ঻࣋лᰦ
䰤᭿ᝏሬ㠤Ⲵߣㆆ䍘䟿л䱽䰞仈ˈ৽㘼࣐ࢗҶ䘉аᔺㄟDŽ

δӂεሯćㅢжᷠĈⲺㅿᖻф㍝䳅ެ੄Ⲻਃ࠱
Ӿгᴸডᵪ⠶ਁ㠣аᡈ⠶ਁⲴ䘉⇥ᰦ䰤޵ˈᗧഭཆӔ䜘ᇎ䱵кӾ 1914 ᒤ 7 ᴸ
26 ᰕкॸ㠣 7 ᴸ 30 ᰕཌ䰤ˈ᭦ࡠҶབྷ㓖 28 亩ޣҾ״ഭ↓൘䘋㹼ߋһ߶༷Ⲵᣕ੺DŽ
ķ
7 ᴸ 26 ᰕˈᗧഭ傫״བྷ֯ᕇ䟼ᗧ䟼ᐼgߟg⌒ຄ㧡ᯟ˄Friedrich von Pourtalès˅㠤
⭥ᗧഭཆӔ䜘ˈᣕ੺ᗧഭ傫״↖ᇈਁ⧠ᒦ⺞ᇊส䖵઼ᮆᗧ㩘ߋ४ᐢ㓿ᔰ࿻ࣘઈˈᒦ
ᘰ⯁ॾ⋉઼㧛ᯟ、ߋ४ਟ㜭↓൘ڊ਼ṧⲴ߶༷DŽ ਼ᰕˈ⌒ຄ㧡ᯟ൘о״ഭཆ䮯䉒
ĸ
ቄⴆgᗧ㊣⢩䟼㙦㔤ཷg㩘ր䈪ཛ˄Sergei Dimitrievich Sazonov˅ⲴՊ䶒ᰦˈਾ㘵
ቭ㇑੖䇔״ഭਁᐳҶࣘઈԔˈն᢯䇔״ഭⲴ⺞䟷ਆҶаӋߋһ߶༷DŽ ᖃᲊ״ഭᡈ
Ĺ
ҹབྷ㠓ᓄ㩘ր䈪ཛⲴ㾱≲䘈㓖㿱Ҷᗧഭ傫״↖ᇈԕ䀓䟺״ഭ↓൘䟷ਆⲴߋһ߶༷DŽ

ᗧഭ↖ᇈᦞ↔ࡔᯝ״ഭⲴ䈤䗎ᱟ൘ҹਆᰦ䰤ԕ㔗㔝ᢙݵߋ༷DŽ ᖃ᭦ࡠᴹޣ״ഭࣘ
ĺ
ઈⲴ⎸᚟ਾˈᗧഭᇠ⴨䍍⢩ᴬ㠤⭥ᗧഭ傫㤡བྷ֯ˈ㾱≲ਾ㘵䶒㿱㤡ഭཆӔབྷ㠓⡡ᗧ
ॾgṬ䴧˄Edward Grey˅ˈᮖ׳㤡ഭ࣍䈤״ഭڌ→ߋһ߶༷ˈ੖ࡉᗧഭሶ㻛䘛䟷ਆ

৽ࡦ᧚ᯭDŽ䍍⢩ᴬ↔ᰦᐢ㓿ᔰ࿻ᴹ᜿䇶ൠੁ״ഭ䖜ჱᡈҹ䍓ԫDŽ
Ļ
7 ᴸ 27ü28 ᰕˈᗧഭཆӔ䜘᭦ࡠᶕ㠚н਼⑐䚃Ⲵᴤཊ⎸᚟ˈ⴨ӂঠ䇱״ഭ਴ൠ↓

澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳澳
ķ 㾯ᚙg哖ݻ㊣䠁˖ljаᡈق䇑ᰦ˖ц⭼ᱟྲօ䎠ੁᡈҹⲴNJˈօছᆱ䈁ˈᯠॾࠪ⡸⽮ 2013
ᒤ⡸ˈㅜ 543 亥DŽ
ĸ “The Ambassador at Peterburg to the Foreign Office, July 26, 1914, No. 216,” in Max
Montgelas and Walther Schucking, eds., Outbreak of the World War: German Documents, collected by
Karl Kautsky, translated by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Division of International
Law, New York: Oxford University Press, 1924, p. 220˄਼ⓀẓṸ᮷⥞л᮷ਚ䟺ࠪẓṸ਽㕙߉ G. D.
ԕ৺ẓṸ㕆ਧ˅DŽ
Ĺ G. D., No. 230.
ĺ G. D., No. 242.
Ļ Konrad H. Jarausch, “The Illusion of Limited War: Chancellor Bethmann Hollweg’s
Calculated Risk, July 1914,” Central European History, Vol. 2, No. 1, 1969, p. 68.
· 102 ·澳