Page 77 - 《国际安全研究》2023年第3期

2023 ഐݾ 3 ඼

๑ˈѫࣘоᗧⲷေᓹац઼خᯟ哖㕃઼ޣ㌫ˈᒦҾ⅑ᒤ 9 ᴸӢ㠚ࡽᖰ᷿᷇ˈѫࣘ㺘
䗮ᐼᵋоᖃᒤ㩘ཊ⬖ᡈᖩ㜌࡙㘵Ⲵᚙᙘаㅄम䬰DŽ 㠣↔ˈྕसᑍഭᖫᓅ᧕ਇҶ≨
ķ
䘌ཡ৫ᗧ᜿ᘇ亶ሬᵳⲴ⧠ᇎˈᒦ䖜ੁҶ䙊䗷〟ᶱ䘭䲿ᗧഭԕᦒਆަᡈ⮕ᒷցⲴᯠ䚃
䐟DŽᗧྕৼᯩҾ 1879 ᒤᔪ・䎧᰾ᱮާᴹ৽״ᙗ䍘Ⲵᗧྕߋһ਼ⴏDŽ
δӊεሯ्ᯯᡎҿṾׁⲺ㘹ሕ

1721 ᒤ㔃ᶏⲴेᯩᡈҹˈḷᘇ⵰⪎ިїཡҶे⅗ü⌒㖇Ⲵ⎧䵨ᵳDŽ䲿ਾⲴࠐ
ॱᒤ䟼ˈ䲿⵰״ഭഭ࣋Ⲵ伎䙏໎䮯ˈ৏ൠ䐿↕Ⲵ⪎ިо儈䙏ፋ䎧Ⲵ״ഭѻ䰤⴨ሩᵳ
࣋呯⋏ࠪ⧠ҶнਟປᒣⲴᐞ䐍˄৲㿱㺘 6˅DŽᵳ࣋㔤ᓖⲴṩᵜᙗᐞ䐍ˈ׳֯⪎ިᴰ
㓸᧕ਇҶᆳо״ഭѻ䰤Ⲵሿഭ䓛ԭDŽ䘉⿽⧠ᇎⲴሿഭൠսᔪᶴҶަ᜿䇶ቲ䶒Ⲵሿഭ

ᗳᘱˈ䘋㘼ሬ㠤⪎ި᭮ᔳҶ䟽㧧⌒㖇Ⲵ⎧䵨ᵳⲴབྷഭⴞḷDŽ

㺞 ्ᯯᡎҿ੄⪔׺њള⴮ሯ㔲ਾ࣑䠅δ ᒪε
䍒᭯᭦ޕ˄࡙ݻᯟ˅ ߋ䱏㿴⁑˄зӪ˅ Ӫਓᙫ䟿˄Ⲯз˅ ߋ䍩ᔰ᭟
⪎ި 4 154 348 5 1.7 /
״ഭ / 20 20.0 /
∄䟽 / 25% 8.5% /
䍴ᯉᶕⓀ˖⪎ި 1750 ᒤ䍒᭯᭦ޕᮠᦞᶕⓀ˖European State Finance Database, “Revenues of the
Swedish State, 1722-77,” https://www.esfdb.org/table.aspx?resourceid=12069˗⪎ިо״㖇ᯟєഭ䱶
ߋᮠᦞᶕⓀ˖Jeremy Black, European Warfare 1453-1815, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 1999, p.
194˗Ӫਓᮠ䟿ᶕⓀ˖Paul Kennedy, The Rise and Fall of the Great Power, London: Unwin Hyman,
1988, p. 99˗1802 ᒤ״ഭ᡽俆⅑ᡀ・Ҷ 8 њ䜘䰘ᒦሩഭᇦ䍒᭯ǃߋ䍩ㅹ亴㇇ǃߣ㇇ㅹᮠᦞ䘋㹼↓
ᔿ㔏䇑ˈ᭵ᮤњ 18 ц㓚״ഭ䍒᭯ᮠᦞ⅐㕪DŽ৲㿱 ɇ Ȼɪɠɟɫɤɢɣ Ɇɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜ - ,
ɋɚɧɤɬ- ɉɟɬɟɪɛɭɪɝ ɗɤɫɩɟɞɢɰɢɹ ɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɛɭɦɚɝ, 1902, ɑɚɫɬɶ ɩɟɪɜɚɹ ɌȺɋɋ
Ɋɨɦɚɧ Ʉɚɧɚɳɭɤ “Ɉɬ ɢɦɩɟɪɢɢ ɞɨ ɧɚɲɢɯ ɞɧɟɣ ɥɟɬ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɩɨɹɜɢɥɨɫɶ Ɇɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɨ
ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜ ” https://tass.ru/ekonomika/15668487?utm_source=google.com&utm_medium=organic&utm
_campaign=google.com&utm_referrer=google.comDŽ

ྲ᷌䈤ᖬᗇབྷᑍ˄Peter the Great˅Ⲵѫ㾱ᡈ⮕ᯩੁᱟӾे⅗ཪਆࠪ⎧ਓˈ䛓Ѹ
ਦ঑ᦧ⩣၌བྷᑍ˄Catherine the Great˅ⲴᡈҹᯩੁቡᱟӾь⅗ཪਆ൏ൠ઼Ӿই⅗ཪ
ਆࠪ⎧ਓDŽഐ↔ˈ൘״ഭཪਆҶ⌒㖇Ⲵ⎧䵨ᵳѻਾˈަᡈ⮕ⴞḷ䙀⑀ੁь⅗оьই
⅗ᯩੁ䈳ᮤDŽդ䲿⵰״ഭሩ⌒ޠ亶൏о൏㙣ަ唁⎧ൠ४Ⲵ㳅伏ԕ৺ሩᗧ᜿ᘇ䰞仈ӻ

ķ ෳ䟼ݻgෳݻ˖ljخᯟ哖оᗧ᜿ᘇᑍഭNJˈ੟㫉㕆䈁ᡰ䈁ˈк⎧⽮Պ、ᆖ䲒ࠪ⡸⽮
2015 ᒤ⡸ˈㅜ 208 亥˗䎥呯䖙˖lj਽ӪՏӪՐ䇠ޘ䳶 46˖خᯟ哖NJˈ਽Ӫࠪ⡸⽮ 1982 ᒤ⡸ˈ
ㅜ 154 亥DŽ
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