Page 74 - 《国际安全研究》2023年第3期

ᅞϧᆭުğ൞گԕؓॆߎ൞ሔෛࢲૐĤ

؍ᴹᕪབྷߋһ࣋䟿Ⲵԓԧቡᱟ㔤ᤱ儈ᗇ᛺ӪⲴߋһᔰ᭟DŽᮤњ 18 ц㓚лॺਦᲞ励
༛ߋ䱏᭟ࠪঐޜޡ᭟ࠪⲴ∄ֻབྷ㠤Ѫ 61%ü74%DŽ 䘉⿽ᶱнਸ⨶Ⲵᔰ᭟∄ֻᱟа
ķ
њ↓ᑨഭᇦ㔍ሩᰐ⌅䮯ᵏ᢯ਇⲴDŽ
ሩҾൠབྷ⢙ঊǃӪਓՇཊⲴ૸ᐳᯟ๑ੋѫഭᶕ䇢ˈᲞ励༛ӽᱟањӪਓ䖳ቁǃ
୶ъ㓿⍾нਁ䗮઼ߋ䱏㿴⁑ᓎབྷⲴߋഭѫѹ⮨ᖒഭᇦDŽ䘉ቡԯ֋ᱟਚᴹབྷ᣷ᤷ㘼⋑

ᴹަԆ᡻ᤷDŽᆳሶབྷ䜘࠶䍒ᇼ⭘Ҿߋһһ࣑ˈ᡽ਆᗇҶᡈҹⲴ㜌࡙DŽ ն䘉⿽㜌࡙
ĸ
ᒦн᜿ણ⵰䈕ഭާᴹ儈Ҿྕൠ࡙Ⲵᡈҹ▌㜭DŽᲞ励༛ߋһ࣋䟿ቡۿᱟањ⸝䐁䘀ࣘ
ઈˈਚᴹ⠶ਁ࣋ˈতнާ༷ᤱѵ࣋DŽаᰖྕൠ࡙䈳ࣘަᮤփᡈ⮕䍴Ⓚ⭘ԕᢙݵߋ༷ˈ
ቡ䶎ᑨᴹᐼᵋ൘ла⅑ᡈҹѝࠫ䍕䘉њ㓿н䎧⎸㙇Ⲵሩ᡻DŽ

ྕൠ࡙⦻ս㔗᢯ᡈҹਾˈ૸ᐳᯟ๑üྕൠ࡙൘㔤ᤱӪਓՈ࣯ǃ䍒᭯Ո઼࣯ߋ䍩
Ո࣯Ⲵส⹰кˈ 䙊䗷࣐㍗㺕䏣䱶ߋ࣋䟿⸝ᶯሶᰒᴹⲴᵳ࣋Ո࣯䘋а↕ᢙབྷDŽӾ㔃
Ĺ
ᶴᙗ㾱㍐䀂ᓖ䇢ˈᆳࣚ࣋ᨀॷ䱶ߋߋ༷≤ᒣˈᔰ࿻ḷ߶ॆ╄㓳DŽ൘⢩㮮㾯ӊྣ⦻Ӣ

㠚᧘ࣘлˈ1751 ᒤᡀ・⢩㮮㾯ӊߋһᤷᥕᆖ䲒ˈ1754 ᒤᡀ・ߋһᐕ〻ᐸษ䇝ᆖṑDŽ
਼ᰦࡇ᭟ᮖ༛ⲫݳᐵ〟ᶱ᭩䶙ྕൠ࡙⛞ޥˈ 䙊䗷໎ᕪߋһ࣋䟿ᶕᢃࠫᲞ励༛ୟа
ĺ
ӛᴹⲴᡈ⮕Ո࣯DŽ
Ӿᛵ࣯ᙗ㾱㍐䀂ᓖ䇢ˈྲ᷌䈤ྕൠ࡙⦻ս㔗᢯ᡈҹᰦᵏˈྕൠ࡙䶒ሩⲴᱟवᤜ

Პ励༛൘޵Ⲵ⌅ഭǃ㾯⨝⢉ǃ㩘ݻ἞ǃᐤՀ࡙ӊ઼䛓нंᯟㅹĀ㗔⤬Ⲵ᭫ࠫāˈ䛓
Ѹ㓿䗷ᡈਾⲴĀཆӔ䶙ભāоĀ㚄ⴏ仐قāㅹᛵ࣯ᙗ㾱㍐Ⲵ〟ᶱ䈳ᮤˈ䗷৫਼㞃⢩
⛸བྷᑍ˄Frederick the Great˅а䎧৲оሩྕൠ࡙Ā₡デᢃࣛāⲴഭᇦ䜭⎸ཡн㿱ҶDŽ

нӵ⢩㮮㾯ӊྣ⦻䙊䗷ሶྣݯჱ㔉⌅ഭ⦻ս㔗᢯Ӫ䐟᱃ॱޝⲴᯩᔿ㕃઼Ҷ⌅ྕޣ
㌫ˈ㘼ф㾯⨝⢉ǃ״ഭǃ⪎ިǃ㩘ԿԺǃᐤՀ࡙ӊ઼㩘ݻ἞ㅹҏ⴨㔗࣐ޕ⌅ྕ਼ⴏ
ѻѝDŽ䘉⿽ᴹ࡙Ⲵᛵ࣯üüᴹᇎ࣋ˈф൘⅗⍢བྷ䱶⋑ᴹㅜйᯩ᧓㛈üü׳֯ᵜቡሩ

ķ John Brewer, The Sinews of Power, London: Academic Division of Unwin Hyman Ltd., 2005,
pp. 31-32.
ĸ John Brewer, The Sinews of Power, London: Academic Division of Unwin Hyman Ltd., 2005,
p. 32; Andre Corvisier, Armies and Societies in Europe, 1494-1789, Bloomington: Indiana University
Press, 1979, pp. 116-118.
Ĺ ⧋ѭӊg⢩㮮㾯ӊ᭯ᓌ㓿⍾᭯ㆆケࠪⲴаᶑᱟᖱ᭦Პ䙽〾DŽ൘ᡈҹᵏ䰤ˈѪҶ䀓ߣ儈仍
ߋ䍩䰞仈ˈྣⲷлԔᔪ・Ā⢩㮮㾯ӊ൏ൠ㇑⨶༴āˈ䍏䍓਴ൠⲴ䍒઼᭯㓿⍾᭯ㆆˈᒦާփൠ䍏䍓
ࡦᇊ൏ൠ㓣〾Ӫ਽޼ˈवᤜ䍥᯿઼ᮉ༛䜭㻛㓣ޕ਽޼ѻѝˈ䜭㾱᤹⴨ᓄⲴḷ߶᢯ᣵ㓣〾ѹ࣑DŽ䘉
亩᧚ᯭ൘ᖸབྷ〻ᓖк֯ྕൠ࡙ੋѫഭ䎠ࠪҶ䍒᭯ഠຳDŽ৲㿱ࡈᯠ࡙ǃ䛒ᶕ亪˖ljᗧഭ䙊ਢgㅜй
ধ уࡦǃ੟㫉о᭩䶙ᰦԓ˄1648-1815˅NJˈ⊏㣿Ӫ≁ࠪ⡸⽮ 2018 ᒤ⡸ˈㅜ 261 亥DŽ
ĺ M. S. Anderson, The War of The Austrian Succession, 1740-1748, New York: Routledge, 2013,
p. 73.
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