Page 71 - 《国际安全研究》2023年第3期
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2023 ഐݾ 3
ᑍഭਆ㘼ԓѻᒦ㧧ᗇ⅗䱶䵨ᵳDŽ㲭❦⌅ഭ㓿শҶᡈ䍕ˈնަӪਓǃഭ൏о㓿⍾ᒦ⋑
ᴹ䚝ਇṩᵜᙗᦏՔˈަഭᇦᵳ࣋оᗧഭ∄ӽ਼а࣋䟿ㅹ㓗˄৲㿱㺘 3˅ˈণ⌅
ഭӽ❦ᱟ㔤ҏ㓣փ㌫ѝⲴൠ४ᙗབྷഭDŽ
㺞 Ფ⌋ᡎҿ⌋ᗭњളሯ㔲ਾ࣑䠅δ ᒪε
ഭ࡛ 㓿⍾࣋䟿˄ӯ㖾ݳ˅ ߋ䱏㿴⁑˄зӪ˅ Ӫਓᙫ䟿˄Ⲯз˅ ߋ䍩ᔰ᭟˄Ⲯз㤡䮁˅
⌅ഭ 173 54.3 37.5 20.4
ᗧഭ 199 42.6 45.5 31.4
∄䟽 0.86% 1.27% 0.82% 0.64%
䍴ᯉᶕⓀ˖⌅ᗧєഭ GNP ᮠᦞᶕⓀ˖Paul Bairoch, “Europe’s Gross National Product:
1800-1975,” Journal of European Economic History, Vol. 5, No. 2, 1976, p. 281˗ߋ䱏㿴⁑ᮠᦞᶕⓀ˖
Quincy Wright, A Study of War (Vol. 1) , Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1942, p. 671˗Ӫਓ
ᮠ䟿ᮠᦞᶕⓀ˖㓖㘠g㊣ቄᯟ⎧唈˖ljབྷഭ᭯⋫ⲴᛢNJˈ⦻ѹṵǃୀሿᶮ䈁ˈк⎧Ӫ≁ࠪ⡸⽮
2008 ᒤ⡸ˈㅜ 71 亥˗ߋ䍩ᔰ᭟ᮠᦞᶕⓀ৲㿱 A. J. P. Taylor, The Struggle for Mastery in Europe,
1848-1918, London: Oxford University Press, 1954, p. xxviiiDŽ
Ӿ㔃ᶴᙗഐ㍐䀂ᓖ䇢ˈ1880 ᒤ⌅ᗧєഭഋ亩ѫ㾱ᵳ࣋㾱㍐∄䟽ѻ઼Ⲵ㇇ᮠᒣ
൷٬Ѫ 0.89ˈ䘉ણ⵰Პ⌅ᡈҹਾ⌅ഭоᗧഭӽ❦༴Ҿ਼а࣋䟿ㅹ㓗ˈ䱯ቄ㩘ᯟ઼
⍋᷇䜘࠶ൠ४Ⲵࢢ䇙ᒦ⋑ᴹ൘ᇎ䍘кᦏᇣ⌅ഭഭ࣋ⲴสᵜᇎփDŽᲞ⌅ᡈҹ 10 ᒤਾˈ
⌅ഭഭ࣋㧧ᗇҶ䖳ᘛⲴ༽ˈᆳ൘䱶ߋк㲭❦ᕡҾᗧഭˈն൘ᙫփᡈҹ▌㜭к਼ᗧ
ഭӽ❦༴Ҿ਼а࣋䟿ㅹ㓗DŽ
Ӿᛵ࣯ᙗഐ㍐䀂ᓖ䇢ˈ㠚Პ⌅ᡈҹѻਾˈྕसᑍഭׯ᭮ᔳҶሩᗧ༽ӷࣘᵪˈ䖜
㘼䘹ᤙҶ䘭䲿ᗧഭˈᒦᡀѪഭ࣋༽ਾⲴ⌅ഭнᮒ䍨❦ਁࣘ༽ӷᡈҹⲴㅜйᯩ⢥ࡦ
࣋䟿DŽ1879 ᒤᗧྕ㔃ⴏⲴ㠚❦㔃᷌ቡᱟˈྕसᑍഭ൘਼״ഭㄎҹᐤቄᒢѫሬᵳ䰞
仈к㧧ਆᗧഭ᭟ᤱⲴ਼ᰦˈҏ㾱൘ᗧ⌅ᓖ⠶ਁᡈҹᰦੁᗧഭᨀᑞࣙDŽ1882 ᒤ
о⌅ഭㄎҹケቬᯟⲴབྷ࡙ᣅ䶐ᗧྕ਼ⴏᒦ൘㔤ҏ㓣ㆮ䇒Ҷ᰾ᱮ䪸ሩ⌅ഭⲴ਼ⴏ
ᶑ㓖ˈণྲ᷌བྷ࡙⋑ᴹⴤ᧕㹵㹼Ѫ㘼䚝ࡠ⌅ഭ䘋᭫ˈн䇪⨶⭡ྲօˈᗧǃྕє
ഭᓄޘ䜘ߋ䱏Ҹԕᨤࣙ˗ྲ᷌ᗧഭᵚᴹⴤ᧕㹵㹼Ѫ㘼䚝ਇ⌅ഭץ⮕ˈབྷ࡙ҏᣵ
䍏਼ṧⲴѹ࣑DŽ ↓ᱟྕєഭⲴᡈ⮕⢥ࡦˈ֯ᗇ⌅ഭ䮯ᵏਇഠҾĀৼᤣ䳮᭼ഋā
ķ
Ⲵഠຳˈ㘼ᰐ⌅׳ᡀа൪⋑ᴹᗧഭⴏ৻ধޕⲴǃਟԕঅ⤜ࠫ䍕ᗧഭⲴ༽ӷᡈҹDŽ
Ӿ㔃ᶴᙗഐ㍐઼ᛵ࣯ᙗഐ㍐єњਈ䟿ᶕⴻˈ⌅ഭ↔ਾⲴᡈ⮕㹼Ѫ䘹ᤙüü䮯ᵏ
ķ ⦻㔣⾆ѫ㕆˖ljഭ䱵ޣ㌫ਢ䍴ᯉ䘹㕆NJ˄к ㅜ 1 ࠶˅ˈ↖≹བྷᆖࠪ⡸⽮ 1983 ᒤ⡸ˈ
ㅜ 171 亥DŽ
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