Page 73 - 《国际安全研究》2023年第3期

2023 ഐݾ 3 ඼

δпεሯྛ൦࡟⧁փ㔝ᢵᡎҿṾׁⲺ㘹ሕ
Ѫօྕൠ࡙⦻ս㔗᢯ᡈҹਾ⧋࡙ӊg⢩㮮㾯ӊ˄Maria Theresa˅〟ᶱራ᢮ᵪՊ

৽༽ੁᲞ励༛༽ӷˈ㘼 100 ᒤਾⲴᲞྕᡈҹ㔃ᶏਾˈྕൠ࡙ত䙀⑀᭮ᔳҶੁᲞ励༛
༽ӷ˛਼ṧᱟྕൠ࡙䍕㔉ҶᲞ励༛ˈѪօত䘹ᤙҶн਼Ⲵഎᓄᯩᔿ˛
Ӿ㔃ᶴᙗ㾱㍐䀂ᓖⴻˈ1750 ᒤˈഭ࣋༽৏ਾⲴྕൠ࡙оᲞ励༛Ⲵ㔬ਸഭ࣋ѻ

∄Ѫ 1.76ĩ1˄৲㿱㺘 4˅DŽྕൠ࡙⦻ս㔗᢯ᡈҹਾˈྕൠ࡙㲭❦ᡈ䍕ˈնᆳ൘ᵳ
࣋㔤ᓖкнӵ䘌䘌儈ҾᲞ励༛ˈަ㔬ਸഭ࣋⭊㠣䲿ᰦਟԕሩᲞ励༛ᇎᯭ⻮঻DŽഐ↔ˈ
аᰖྕൠ࡙൘⸝ᵏ޵㺕喀⸝ᶯᒦᇎ⧠ഭ࣋༽৏ˈࠐѾᴹ㔍ሩⲴᢺᨑ䙊䗷ᡈҹ䟽᤮ᵳ
࣋༠ᵋ˗㘼Პྕᡈҹ㔃ᶏቔަᱟᗧ᜿ᘇㅜҼᑍഭᔪ・ਾˈ䶒ሩ㔏аਾⲴᗧഭˈྕൠ

࡙ᐢ㓿㻛䘌䘌ൠ⭙൘Ҷਾ䶒ˈণᰐ⌅޽਼Პ励༛༴Ҿ਼а࣋䟿ㅹ㓗DŽ䶒ሩ∛ᰐ㜌㇇
Ⲵᕪབྷሩ᡻ˈᆳׯ൘Პ⌅ᡈҹਾѫࣘ᭮ᔳҶ༽ӷᢃ㇇DŽ

㺞 ྛ൦࡟⧁փ㔝ᢵᡎҿ੄ྛᲤњള⴮ሯ㔲ਾ࣑䠅δ ᒪε
ഭ࡛ 䍒᭯᭦ޕ˄зຄं˅ ߋ䱏㿴⁑˄зӪ˅ Ӫਓᙫ䟿˄Ⲯз˅ ߋ䍩ᔰ᭟˄зຄं˅
ྕൠ࡙ 1 965 20 18.0 980
Პ励༛ 1 066 19.5 6.0 821
∄䟽 184% 102% 300% 119%
䍴ᯉᶕⓀ˖Პྕєഭ䱶ߋᮠ䟿ᮠᦞᶕⓀ˖André Corvisier, Armies and Societies in Europe
1494-1789, Abigail T. Siddall, trans,. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1979, p. 113˗Ӫਓᙫ䟿
ᮠᦞᶕⓀ˖Paul Kennedy, The Rise and Fall of the Great Power, London: Unwin Hyman, 1988, p. 99˗
Პྕ䍒᭯᭦ޕᮠᦞᶕⓀ˖European State Finance Database, “Categories of Ordinary Net Revenue of
the Austrian Monarchy, 1749-78,” https://www.esfdb.org/table.aspx?resourceid=11379˗European State
Finance Database, “Total Revenue of the Prussian State, 1688-1806,” https://www.esfdb.org/table.
aspx?resourceid=11744˗Პྕߋ䍩᭟ࠪᮠᦞᶕⓀ˖European State Finance Database, “Categories of
Ordinary Expenditure of the Austrian Monarchy, 1729-78,” https://www.esfdb.org/table.aspx?resourceid=
11206˗European State Finance Database, “Expenditure of the Prussian War & General Chambers for
Military Purposes, 1741-87,” https://www.esfdb.org/table.aspx?resourceid=11592DŽྕൠ࡙䍗ᐱঅսᕇ㖇
᷇оᲞ励༛䍗ᐱঅսຄंⲴށᦒ㓖Ѫ 1 ᕇ㖇᷇=0.66 ຄंDŽᵜ᮷ሶྕൠ࡙䍗ᐱ㔏аѪຄं䘋㹼䇑㇇DŽ

ྕൠ࡙⦻ս㔗᢯ᡈҹ㔃ᶏਾˈаսᲞ励༛ߋᇈᴮᣵᘗᶕ㠚ྕൠ࡙Ⲵ༽ӷᒦ㺘
⽪˖Āࣳޠⲫ๑̣Პ励༛൘ 1748 ᒤӽ❦нᱟањⵏ↓ⲴབྷഭDŽᆳⲴӪਓ઼㓿⍾䍴
ⓀཚቁҶDŽᆳⲴ㜌࡙൘ᵜ䍘кᱟа亩ߋһᡀቡDŽ㠣ቁ൘ߋһቲ䶒кˈᆳ⧠൘䘌䘌Ո
ҾԫօަԆᗧ᜿ᘇഭᇦˈоྕൠ࡙⴨ᖃˈ⭊㠣н䘺Ҿ⌅ഭᡆ״㖇ᯟDŽā նᲞ励༛
ķ

ķ M. S. Anderson, The War of The Austrian Succession, 1740-1748, New York: Routledge, 2013,
p. 72.
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