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发展—安全互动中的全球基础设施议题

的关系，成为国际发展机构推动全球全面发展的优先政策考量。例如，世界银行
①
将“发展—安全联结”视为解决脆弱国家国内暴力问题的优先政策。 欧盟将这
一联结视为对外事务政策体系中的“核心概念”，并纳入欧盟自身政策、制度和

话语之中。
②
在“发展—安全联结”研究领域建构过程中，存在两个值得重视的发展趋势。
第一，学术研究和国际发展实践在“发展—安全联结”中吸收了越来越多元的议题，

二元联结日益拓展为三元甚至四元议题。例如，援助、人权、移民、反恐、暴力、
性别、人道主义、贸易和军民关系等因素都成为丰富“发展—安全联结”的附加维
③
度。 有研究指出，“发展—安全联结”已经得到“深化、拓展和人性化”。 这种
④
趋势也显示，不论是发展还是安全，都具有强大的议题吸纳能力，发展与安全的互
动架构已经在国际政治和全球治理中扮演主导角色。当然，究其本质，发展实为安

① The World Bank, World Development Report 2011: Conflict, Security and Development, The
World Bank, 2011, p. 28.
② Clive Robinson, “Whose Security? Integration and Integrity in EU Policies for Security and
Development,” in Stephan Klingebiel, ed., New Interfaces between Security and Development,
Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik, 2006, pp. 69-92; Hans Merket, The EU and the
Security-Development Nexus: Bridging the Legal Divide, Leiden and Boston: Brill Nijhoff, 2016, pp.
1-2; Mark Furness and Stefan Gaenzle, “The Security-Development Nexus in European Union Foreign
Relations after Lisbon: Policy Coherence at Last?” Development Policy Review, Vol. 35, No. 4, 2017,
pp. 475-492; Maria Brozou, Challenges for the Development-Security Nexus in EU Foreign Policy,
European Think Tanks Group, November 17, 2020, https://ettg.eu/2020/11/17/challenges-for-the-
development-security-nexus-in-eu-foreign-policy.
③ Eamonn McConnon, Risk and the Security-Development Nexus: The Policies of the US, the
UK and Canada, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019; Jamey Essex, Development, Security and
Aid: Geopolitics and Geoeconomics at the U.S. Agency for International Development, Athens, GA:
University of Georgia Press, 2013; Ivan Briscoe and Bibi van Ginkel, The Nexus between
Development and Security: Searching for Common Ground in Countering Terrorism, The
International Centre for Counter-Terrorism (ICCT), March 2013; Katherine A. Sullivan, Emma
Bjerten-Guenther and Rachel Irwin, “Gender, Security and Development,” in SIPRI Yearbook 2015:
Armaments, Disarmament and International Security, Stockholm International Peace Research
Institute, 2015, pp. 322-333; Oli Brown, Mark Halle, Sonia Peña Moreno and Sebastian Winkler,
eds., Trade, Aid and Security: An Agenda for Peace and Development, EarthScan, 2007; Frederik
Rosén, “Moving Beyond the Security-Development Nexus,” PRISM, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2010, pp. 27-42;
张超：《“人道主义—发展—和平”关联：欧盟的政策、实践和困境》，载《欧洲研究》2020 年
第 6 期，第 90-109 页。
④ Maria Stern and Joakim Öjendal, “Mapping the Security-Development Nexus: Conflict,
Complexity, Cacophony, Convergence?” Security Dialogue, Vol. 41, No. 1, 2010, pp. 18-19.

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